”Stroke is a group of acute cerebrovascular diseases with symptoms of ischemic and hemorrhagic damage to brain tissue as the main clinical manifestation, including cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, transient ischemic attack (TIA) and cerebral insufficiency of blood supply, etc. It has the characteristics of high incidence, high disability rate, high mortality rate and high recurrence rate. “In 2008, the results of the third survey on the causes of death in China showed that cerebrovascular disease has become the first cause of death in China. The incidence of stroke in China is increasing at a rate of 8.7% per year, and about 30% of those who develop stroke die, and 70% of survivors have hemiplegia, aphasia and other physical dysfunction. Stroke seriously endangers the life and health of patients, affects their quality of life, and places a heavy burden on patients, their families and society.
In order to enable patients to receive standardized diagnosis and treatment, early screening, early diagnosis, early intervention, early treatment and early recovery, the Ministry of Health launched the stroke screening and prevention project in 2009, and our hospital has carried out stroke screening and prevention and control according to the “Guideline for Ischemic Stroke Screening and Prevention and Control (Trial)” issued by the Ministry of Health and related requirements of the Ministry of Health. The standardized diagnosis and treatment of stroke is at the advanced level in China.
In accordance with the requirements of the Ministry of Health, the outpatient and inpatient wards of neurology, neurosurgery, cardiology, cardiac surgery, endocrinology and emergency medicine have included stroke screening for high-risk groups in the treatment routine of patients. It is carried out in a voluntary manner with medical staff taking the initiative to inform patients. Health checkups and consultation clinics have incorporated stroke screening for high-risk groups into the routine health checkups for local cadres and people, and have worked together to do the screening work. Neurology and neurosurgery departments set up stroke outpatient clinics and stroke unit wards respectively to establish green channels for stroke screening and diagnosis and treatment. Establish a registration system for reporting new TIAs and strokes in high-risk groups, and do a good job of collecting and organizing relevant data and filling out the basic information form (CRF form) for stroke screening.
For stroke screening and prevention and control, the Ministry of Health recommends the widespread promotion of ABCDE prevention and control strategies.
Antithrombotic therapy; blood pressure and weight control, timely intervention by controlling hypertension with elevated homocysteine (H hypertension) and other methods for key high-risk groups; cholesterol reduction, smoking cessation, stenting and carotid endarterectomy; diabetes control, dietary modification; health education, physical exercise, and regular checkups.
Stroke screening and prevention work aims to promote stroke prevention knowledge, promote healthy lifestyle, follow the relevant national standards and intervention guidelines, guide clinical standardized screening, rational drug use, evidence-based treatment, etc. Through the joint efforts of medical workers, patients and their families, reduce the incidence and mortality of stroke, save and control medical costs and other resources, explore new ways to prevent and treat chronic diseases in China, and protect the people. The aim is to reduce stroke morbidity and mortality, save and control medical costs and other resources, explore new ways to prevent and treat chronic diseases, and safeguard people’s health rights.
If you have more than 2-3 of the following risk factors, it is recommended that you receive stroke screening.
I. Risk factors related to ischemic stroke
1. Major risk factors
(1) Hypertension or taking antihypertensive drugs
(2) Hypercholesterolemia or taking lipid-lowering drugs
(3) Diabetes mellitus
(4) Age over 50 years 2. General risk factors
(1) Atrial fibrillation or other heart disease
(2) Sleep apnea
(3) History of stroke or heart disease in the immediate family (father, mother, siblings, children)
(4) Smoking
(5) Heavy alcohol consumption
(6) Lack of physical activity, not consistently doing it 3 times a week (at least 20-30 minutes each time)
(7) Diet containing too much saturated fatty acids or fats
(8) Obesity
(9) male
(10) frequent bleeding, swelling and pain of the gums, gum recession, loose teeth, loss of teeth
(11) History of ischemic eye disease
(12) sudden deafness with 2 of the above major risk factors, or with 1 major risk factor and 2 or more general risk factors (including 2), are individuals at high risk for stroke, or have a previous history of stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA), are recommended to receive stroke screening.
Screening includes blood biochemistry, neurological examination, carotid ultrasound, transcranial Doppler examination (TCD) and previous history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease.