Interferon therapy is one of the two main treatments for hepatitis B. It allows the body to produce antiviral proteins that can enhance the body’s immune system and help clear the hepatitis B virus. The use of interferon has a higher chance of converting a major triplet to a minor triplet than oral nucleotides because of the enhanced immune capacity. There are currently two types of interferon preparations, one is short-acting interferon, which is used once every two days. The other is long-acting interferon, which is used twice a week. Long-acting interferon has a longer duration of action, and once the side effects appear and are immediately discontinued, the side effects will remain in place for some time and should be noted clinically. The duration of interferon treatment varies from person to person and is determined by the patient’s response. Generally, if the viral load does not decrease significantly after six months of treatment, it is not advisable to extend interferon treatment. If it is effective, treatment can be continued up to one year and then evaluated for continued use based on the results. In addition, there are many side effects during the use of interferon, such as the phenomenon of bone marrow suppression, which is manifested by a decrease in white blood cells and platelets. It is also possible to induce immune dysfunction, hyperthyroidism and autoimmune diseases. Some patients may also experience depression, and interferon has toxic side effects on the heart, so it is important to closely monitor the relevant indicators during use.