1. Medical treatment (1) Wound treatment for surgical patients: In general, sterile incisions do not require frequent dressing changes. After discharge from the hospital, it is recommended to change the dressing every 3-5 days in the community hospital and observe the wound for redness, swelling, oozing, cracking, severe pressure pain, etc. If any of the above situations occurs, consult a doctor as soon as possible. The stitches will be removed about 2 weeks after the operation depending on the wound healing condition. Bathing is usually required until 1 month after surgery. (2) Recovery of nerve function: It takes a long time for nerve function to recover. After nerve decompression surgery, it is very likely that the preoperative pain, numbness and other symptoms will remain, and should follow the doctor’s instructions to use anti-inflammatory, pain relieving, nutritive nerve drugs to continue treatment. If you experience severe pain that is difficult to tolerate, please seek medical attention as soon as possible. (3) If osteoporosis exists, standardized anti-osteoporosis treatment should be carried out: osteoporosis is a common disease among the elderly, which is caused by bone metabolism disorders (the balance between osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis is broken). General matters: sunbathing (promote skin calcium activation), moderate activity (use in, use out), avoid trauma caused by osteoporosis fracture. Drug treatment: Alfacalcitol soft capsule, 0.5 microgram, oral, once a day (to promote calcium absorption); Alendronate sodium 70mg, oral, once a week (to prevent bone destruction, but need to stand up for half an hour after oral intake, so should not be taken during bed rest). If the bone is not healed within 3 months when excessive activities, the internal fixation has the risk of loosening and pulling out! (4) If you have other underlying diseases, continue to go to the specialist clinic for regular treatment and regular review. (5) Review in the outpatient clinic at 3 months, 6 months and 1 year after surgery. If there is any special situation during the period, consult the doctor at any time. (1) Establish correct dietary habits, pay attention to rest and avoid exertion. (2) Master the use of drugs and understand the precautions of drugs. (3) Follow the doctor’s request for follow-up examination, functional exercise, and if there is any discomfort, please follow up. (4) Use the brace according to the doctor’s request, and follow the doctor’s instruction. (5) Try to avoid trauma, avoid sitting for a long time, low head and bending labor. (6) Elderly patients should pay attention to the prevention of falls, please keep the living room brightly lit, the floor is not slippery, there are no obstacles, use non-slip mats in the bathroom, wear non-slip shoes, and put the walking aids or crutches in an easily accessible place. (7) Avoid bending over to carry weight in March, and don’t take things weighing more than 5 kilograms. Patients should avoid bending down to pick up things, and can half squat to pick up things if necessary. 3.Rehabilitation After wound healing, follow the doctor’s instructions to gradually start moderate lumbar and dorsal muscle function exercise, exercise intensity varies from person to person, to stop, to follow the principle of exercising according to one’s ability, step by step. 4.Nutrition (1) After discharge from the hospital, you can resume the normal diet, and increase the food rich in high quality protein, dietary fiber and vitamins appropriately. Such as eggs, milk, lean meat, fish, shrimp, soybeans and their products; coarse grains, mushrooms and algae, fresh vegetables, fruits, etc. (patients with diabetes should control the intake of fruits, and about 200 grams of low-sugar fruits per day can be eaten in the case of better blood sugar control). (2) Balanced diet and reasonable nutrition. Normal diet can meet the needs of the body, a large intake of high-calorie, high-fat food may cause high blood sugar, high blood fat, increased kidney burden and other problems, is not conducive to good health. Avoid consuming a large amount of refined sugar and high-fat food, avoid being overweight, and lay a good foundation for postoperative rehabilitation training. (3) Increase food diversity and consume foods rich in dietary fiber and vitamins, such as fresh vegetables and fruits, coarse grains, mushrooms and algae, etc., to reduce the possibility of constipation. (4) Patients with limited mobility should not reduce water intake to reduce the frequency of urination, and should be guaranteed to drink 1,500-2,000ml of plain water. (5) Avoid cold and raw food, smoking, alcoholism, coffee and strong tea, and spicy and stimulating food.