Estrogens and androgens are different in terms of organs of secretion and physiological effects. 1. Secretion organs: (1) Estrogen is mainly secreted by the ovaries and can promote the development of female reproductive organs. Androgens are mainly secreted by the testes and can promote the development of male reproductive organs. In addition to the synthesis of sex hormones by the male and female gonads, a small amount of estrogen and androgen can also be synthesized by the reticular zona of the adrenal cortex. (2) In women, androgens are mainly produced by the ovaries and adrenal glands, with a small amount synthesized in tissues such as the liver and fat. Estrogen in the male body has two sources, one-third originates from the testes and two-thirds is converted from androgens outside the testes. The male body is predominantly androgenic and contains some amount of estrogen. The female body is dominated by estrogen and also contains a small amount of androgen. 2. Physiological role: (1) The main role of estrogen in the female body is to promote and maintain female secondary sexual characteristics, maintain an acidic vaginal environment, inhibit bacterial reproduction, retain water in the body, reduce cholesterol, promote bone health, reduce cardiovascular disease, and prevent brain dysfunction. (2) Androgens in the male body can maintain male secondary characteristics, maintain reproductive function, promote the formation and development of sex organs, ensure normal sex life, and enhance physical fitness.