The structure of the knee joint is as follows: 1. The knee joint is composed of the distal femur, the upper tibia and the patella, and is the largest and most complex joint in the human body; 2. The patella is connected to the patellar surface of the femur, and the medial and lateral condyles of the femur are opposite the medial and lateral condyles of the tibia, respectively, and the knee joint is surrounded by a joint capsule, which is thin and loose, attached to the circumference of each articular surface and reinforced by ligaments to increase the stability of the joint, with the main ligaments being the anterior The main ligaments are the anterior patellar ligament, the lateral collateral ligaments on both sides, the posterior popliteal oblique ligament and the intra-articular cruciate ligament of the knee. The knee is a large superficial joint, and minimally invasive arthroscopic surgery is usually considered for lesions and dysfunctions, as there are no important nerves or blood vessels passing in front of the knee or on the inside or outside, making an arthroscopic incision more appropriate.