The treatment of varicose veins in the lower esophagus is based on drug treatment, endoscopic treatment and surgery. 1. Medication: Mild esophageal varices can be treated conservatively, i.e. medication. β-blockers such as propranolol are commonly used to regulate and improve liver function, and at the same time, reduce portal hypertension and reduce the pressure of varices. 2. Endoscopic treatment: For moderate to severe esophageal varices, especially for patients with a history of gastrointestinal bleeding, endoscopic ligation of esophageal varices or injection of tissue adhesive or sclerosing agent can be carried out, which is the internationally preferred treatment method at present. 3. Surgery: When the patient’s condition is serious, the effect of internal medicine conservative treatment is poor, and gastrointestinal hemorrhage occurs repeatedly, surgery is recommended. The most classic surgery is transportal hepatic portosystemic shunt, which can solve the problem of varicose veins fundamentally, but its disadvantage is that it is easy to induce hepatic encephalopathy. If the patient has been diagnosed with subesophageal varices, it is recommended to go to the hospital for timely treatment. All of the above medications should be used under the guidance of a physician and should not be used without authorization.