Giant cell lesions of the jaws include: giant cell granuloma, hyperparathyroid brown tumor, gigantism and aneurysmal bone cysts. The clinical manifestations of these diseases vary, but the histologic patterns are similar – fibroblasts are the mainstay of the lesion, with scattered osteoclast-like multinucleated giant cells. Among these diseases, giant cell granuloma is a benign, limited, bone-destroying disease of the jaw bone that is common in young people. The clinical manifestation is expansion of the jawbone. It is often asymptomatic, with occasional pain, sensory abnormalities, and tooth displacement or loss. The lower jaw is more than the upper jaw, and the anterior part of the lower jaw is more than the posterior part of the lower jaw.The X-ray film shows a distended translucent shadow in the jaw with border and no sclerotic line; the interior is multicompartmental with scalloped edges; the surrounding bone cortex is thinned but not broken. Tooth displacement and root resorption are seen. Pathology: naked eye observation of the lesion tissue easy to bleed without envelope, touch easily broken with a sense of gravel. Microscopic observation of the lesion consists of fibroblasts and multinucleated giant cells, interstitial fibrous tissue or fibrous mucus-like tissue, inflammatory cell infiltration. There are many blood vessels with osteogenesis. The etiology may be the body’s response to intraosseous hemorrhage caused by trauma or inflammation. The mechanism may be proliferation of fibroblasts and convergence of multinucleated giant cells. In 2005, giant cell granuloma was given the name “central giant cell lesion” (WHO Head and Neck Tumor Classification 2005) because of the absence of epithelioid cells in the lesion, which makes it different from a true “granulomatous lesion”. Treatment: Surgical curettage is the mainstay, removing the lesion and the surrounding thin layer of reactive bone. Some cases have tumor-like manifestations, are invasive, accompanied by pain, sensory abnormalities, fast growth, root resorption and destruction of bone cortex seen on X-ray, and may recur after curettage. Whether the lesion is invasive or not cannot be predicted at this time. For recurrent lesions, extended surgery is recommended. In conclusion, centralized giant cell lesions of the jaws are benign and not serious. You can live your life without worry after surgical treatment; however, it is important to have regular x-rays for review, once every six months to a year or so. During this period, if you have any abnormal findings or unusual sensations, feel free to visit the hospital.