Smoking in people with hyperlipidemia can aggravate atherosclerosis, which can easily lead to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. High blood lipids can cause lipids to be deposited in the endothelium of blood vessels, leading to the development of atherosclerosis, causing narrowing of blood vessels, which can lead to insufficient blood supply to the cardiovascular and cerebral vessels. Toxic substances in tobacco can cause endothelial damage to blood vessels, and can also cause blood vessels to contract, resulting in increased heart rate and increased cardiac load, leading to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The two common factors of hyperlipidemia and smoking together can aggravate the progress of atherosclerosis and accelerate the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Smoking is not recommended for both hyperlipidemic and healthy people. Smoking behavior should be quit as early as possible, high blood lipid should go to the hospital, according to the doctor’s guidance, control the blood lipid level.