Thyrotropic hormone is measured in the heel blood of the newborn after birth. Elevated thyroid hormones require further investigation and management. After this occurs, parents need to take the child to the hospital where an experienced physician will take into account the child’s medical history, clinical presentation, and perform triple thyroid tests to confirm whether the child has congenital hypothyroidism. If T4 is decreased and TSH is increased, congenital hypothyroidism is diagnosed. After the diagnosis of congenital hypothyroidism is confirmed, treatment is given as soon as possible. Oral levothyroxine sodium should be given to the child, and the dosage should be adjusted according to the thyroid function and clinical manifestations, with a 2-week follow-up at the beginning. The follow-up period will be gradually extended as the duration of treatment increases. Adjust the dose of medication according to serum T4 and TSH levels and perform regular review.