1. Minimally invasive arthroscopy technique Arthroscopy is a rod-shaped optical instrument for observing the internal structure of joints, mainly consisting of light mirror system, cold light source and optical fiber, and camera monitoring system. Arthroscopic surgery is performed by cutting the skin by 2 to 3 “chopstick head” size (4mm), inserting the camera and surgical instruments into the joint, and under the monitoring of the monitor, the doctor operates, diagnoses and treats various joint diseases. This is a milestone in the development of minimally invasive orthopedics in recent times. The knee joint has a complex tissue structure and important function, and is also a good site for joint diseases and injuries, so it is the joint with the most applications of arthroscopic surgery for examination and treatment. Arthroscopy is mainly used for: (1) diagnostic examination of the knee joint, including examination of knee disorders with unclear clinical diagnosis, biopsy of intra-articular lesions and diagnostic confirmation before various open surgeries; (2) total resection, subtotal resection, partial resection and suturing of the meniscus; (3) different types of synovitis, including synovial biopsy and synovectomy; (4) joint debridement and irrigation for septic arthritis (5) removal of intra-articular free bodies or foreign bodies and removal of tuberculosis lesions; (6) repositioning and internal fixation of intra-articular fractures; (7) repair or reconstruction surgery after cruciate ligament injury. Arthroscopy can see almost all parts of the joint, which is more comprehensive than cutting open the joint, and more accurate because the image is magnified, and the incision is small, with less trauma, less scarring, faster recovery and fewer complications. The orthopedic department of Oriental Hospital carries out arthroscopic surgery, the incision is only about 6mm, general surgery such as arthroscopic meniscus repair or osteoarthritis arthroscopic cleaning, etc., after anesthesia, you can go down to the ground, the diagnosis of difficult joint diseases, the treatment of joint injuries that have plagued patients for many years, arthroscopic surgery can often achieve immediate results. 2.Minimally invasive lumbar disc removal under microscope Lumbar disc herniation is the most common cause of lumbar pain, once the disease, mild lumbar pain, numbness, walking difficulties, serious cases can lead to paralysis, urinary and fecal incontinence. Drug and physical therapy can relieve most of the patients’ symptoms, but 10-20% of patients still need surgery, and the traditional surgical method has the disadvantages of long incision, big trauma and slow recovery (3-6 months). The orthopedic department of our hospital takes the lead in carrying out microscopic lumbar disc removal in western Guangdong, which only requires a rather small opening at the lesion and uses minimally invasive instruments imported from Germany to directly remove the protruding disc and hyperplastic bone spurs under the microscope, enlarging the spinal canal and thus relieving the nerve compression. It is the “gold standard” of minimally invasive treatment for lumbar discs in the world, and is very popular among patients with back and leg pain. Small trauma: The general skin incision is about 2cm, which is one tenth of the conventional surgery, and basically does not damage the stability of the spine. Safe and thorough: Since the microscope magnifies the surgical field by more than 10 times, the neurovascular can be clearly seen, so accidental injury can be avoided, and the disc can be removed completely with few complications. Fast: the operation time is short (generally half an hour); recovery is fast, most patients can get out of bed and walk on the second day of minimally invasive treatment, and the symptoms of back and leg pain can be relieved, and the recurrence rate is extremely low. Low cost: easy care, less medication, low cost, short hospitalization time, 5-7 days after surgery can be discharged, thus reducing the economic burden of patients. 3.percutaneous vertebroplasty With the increase of the elderly population, osteoporosis, the invisible killer that leads to fracture of patients, has become a growing concern. In patients with osteoporosis, fractures may occur with minor trauma or even without trauma, and vertebral compression fractures often cause severe low back pain, making it impossible to sit and walk. Traditional treatment is limited to bed rest, topical medication and painkillers, but long-term bed rest can lead to further aggravation of osteoporosis and various complications, and even loss of self-care ability, causing serious impact and burden to family members. Percutaneous vertebroplasty is performed by inserting a fine needle into the vertebral body from the back under X-ray fluoroscopy and injecting a bone cement called polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) into the lax vertebral body, which has the effect of relieving pain and rebuilding the mechanical strength of the bone. The procedure is performed under local anesthesia and takes about 20 to 30 minutes for a single treatment, even for frail patients. The pain in the low back is relieved immediately after treatment, and many patients can return to their daily activities on the first day after surgery. The treatment effect of vertebroplasty is fast and long-lasting, with significant pain control and reinforcement of the vertebral body, and its good efficacy is unmatched by traditional treatment methods. In Europe and the United States, vertebroplasty has become the method of choice for the treatment of pain caused by osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. The Department of Orthopedics of our hospital is the first to carry out this new project in the western part of Guangdong, and has achieved good clinical results, relieving the pain of dozens of such patients every year.