The main indication for cataract surgery is that the visual function cannot meet the patient’s needs. Usually, when the cataract causes the patient’s visual acuity to fall below 0.5, surgery can be considered. Cataract is a common disease in ophthalmology, which occurs in middle-aged and old people. It is usually caused by aging factors or long-term chronic inflammation stimulation of the eye, eye trauma, long-term use of hormone drugs, etc., which cause metabolic abnormalities and structural changes in the lens inside the eye, which reduce the transparency of the lens, and make the lens cloudy, and the patient will experience symptoms such as vision loss. When the patient’s vision falls below 0.5, it means that the cataract has become more serious and the impact on life is more obvious, and at this time it is possible to consider surgical treatment. Surgery will remove the cloudy lens inside the eye and implant a clear artificial lens, thus restoring the patient’s vision. When cataracts occur, the cause of the disease should be identified and treated under the guidance of a doctor, and the need for surgery should be determined on a case-by-case basis.