Surgical resection is the mainstay of treatment for most abdominal wall tumors. Small benign tumors can be treated by local excision, which usually does not result in the formation of large, full abdominal wall defects. Junctional and malignant tumors are primarily treated by enlarged resection, which generally exceeds the tumor margin by more than 2-3 cm of normal tissue to the naked eye, and often results in the formation of a large abdominal wall defect. For this kind of tumor, surgeons may sometimes reduce the scope of resection due to the fear of the formation of huge abdominal wall defect after resection and the difficulty of repair and reconstruction, which in turn leads to repeated recurrence of the tumor and multiple surgeries, and makes the treatment of abdominal wall defects more and more difficult. Therefore, the correct choice of repair and reconstruction of abdominal wall defects is an important part of the treatment of abdominal wall tumors, which is of great significance in reducing the postoperative recurrence of tumors as well as the occurrence of postoperative abdominal wall hernia and other complications. Before repair and reconstruction of abdominal wall defects, the patient’s general condition and the abdominal wall defect itself should be accurately evaluated. Knowledge of the patient’s general condition, comorbid underlying diseases, previous surgery and medication history will help determine whether and how to operate. Patients in critical condition or at risk for abdominal septal syndrome are often candidates for only temporary closure of the abdominal cavity and not for immediate repair and reconstruction of the abdominal wall defect. The evaluation of the abdominal wall defect itself should include the size, location, degree of the defect, and whether it is infected, and the abdominal wall defect should be staged, in which it is particularly important to know the degree of the defect, which can be classified into three types: type 1 is a superficial abdominal wall defect, which involves only the skin and part of the subcutaneous tissues; type 2 is a part of the deeper abdominal wall tissue, which refers to the absence of the myofascial tissue, but the skin and the skin of the abdominal wall are absent; type 2 is a part of the deep abdominal wall tissue, which refers to the absence of the fascial tissue, and type 2 is a part of the deep abdominal wall tissue. Type 2 is a partial loss of deep abdominal wall tissue, mainly referring to the myofascial tissue of the abdominal wall, but the integrity of the skin of the abdominal wall still exists; Type 3 is a loss of the entire abdominal wall tissue. The treatment of abdominal wall defects is to repair and reconstruct the abdominal wall defects through various surgical techniques to cover and protect the abdominal organs, rebuild the appearance of the abdominal wall, and maximize the provision of adequate mechanical support to restore the function and integrity of the abdominal wall. Second, the surgical selection of abdominal wall defect repair and reconstruction 1, type 1 abdominal wall defect: this type of abdominal wall defect caused by abdominal wall tumor resection is relatively simple to repair, and direct skin and subcutaneous tissues can often be repaired by pulling together the suture purpose. When the local defect is too large for direct skin closure, free skin grafting, local or adjacent fascial flap transfer can be considered to cover, and if necessary, the skin can also be implanted through the skin soft tissue expander, staged repair of such superficial abdominal wall defects. 2.Type 2 abdominal wall defect: the treatment of this type of abdominal wall defect is relatively complex, mostly through the use of autologous tissue or implant materials to complete the repair and reconstruction of abdominal wall defect. For patients with large defects or high risk of postoperative recurrence, CST combined patch technique can be used, which is commonly used to enhance the repair of abdominal wall defects with CST+ single or double-layer biopatch with myofascial onlay and/or intraperitoneal patch repair (under lay), which further improves the success rate of repair and reconstruction of abdominal wall defects. Type 3 abdominal wall defects: In addition to CST and implantable material repair, tissue flap technique is an important means of repair and reconstruction of type 3 abdominal wall defects, and its selection should follow the principles of simplicity, practicality, and minimizing the sacrifice of normal tissues. In conclusion, repair and reconstruction of abdominal wall defects after resection of abdominal wall tumors should be individualized, and the choice of operative modality should be based on different defect types. The search for a more ideal way of repair and reconstruction is still a clinical topic to be solved.