Pay attention to dust haze, disposable masks are not to be used repeatedly This week, there is hazy weather in many areas of China, the city was once a heavy pollution state. “Did you wear a mask today” is undoubtedly the hottest health topic this week, many citizens hope to wear a mask to protect the air from dust and haze, and play a warm role in this cold winter. Which masks are more reliable for cold and foggy weather? Who are not suitable to wear masks? How to use masks correctly? …… and listen to the weekly answer one by one. First, susceptible people must pay attention to dust haze Wearing a mask has a certain filtering effect on the air entering the lungs, but we should pay attention to reasonable selection and correct use. Disposable medical masks basically can only block coarse particles, bacteria, PM2.5 such as fine particles blocking effect is extremely limited; relatively speaking, the thicker the layer of gauze mask, such as increasing the thickness to 8 or even 12 layers, the blocking effect may be better; N95 mask protection effect is better than the first two, clinical wear N95 mask is mainly for the protection of bacteria, viruses, when wearing must When wearing the mask, we must pay attention to the tight fit, fasten it at the bridge of the nose and make the edge of the mask match the shape of the face, if we can’t do the tight fit, we can’t get the protection effect. People who work for a long time in a highly polluted environment in the field, people who are old and frail, especially those with chronic respiratory diseases, and susceptible people with chronic organic diseases such as diabetes, liver cirrhosis, coronary heart disease and chronic kidney disease must be well protected. The key to reducing the harm of PM2.5 on human body is to reduce the source of pollution and block inhalation, therefore, for susceptible people, it is better to reduce the number of outings on hazy days and wear masks with relatively good protective effect when going out. Second, not everyone is suitable for wearing masks Most of the masks people wear in daily life are non-medical, and can be divided into single-layer and multi-layer according to thickness. Single-layer mask fabric is thin, can not effectively filter dust, but also can not block external bacteria and other harmful substances into the respiratory tract; multi-layer masks, although thicker, blocking effect is also limited, but more warmth function. Even for the sake of warmth, not everyone is suitable to wear a mask. Patients with respiratory diseases, especially those with breathing difficulties, wear masks instead of artificially creating breathing obstacles; heart disease, emphysema, asthma patients and pregnant women are also not suitable for a long time to wear masks; healthy people do not need to wear masks in order to resist the cold air, because the cold air through the nasal mucosa and trachea, to reach the human body has been warm, if long-term wear masks, easy to make the nasal mucosa become fragile. In addition, some special circumstances can wear a mask, such as in the high incidence of viruses such as measles, or in the temperature plunge, respiratory diseases, especially in the winter of frequent influenza to the hospital, with a medical mask to prevent disease; already suffering from influenza, upper respiratory tract infections, viral pneumonia or bacterial pneumonia in crowded places, should also wear a medical mask to avoid the bacteria, viruses infected to others. Third, disposable masks should not be used repeatedly It is not difficult to find that some people seem to be sophisticated, but a long time to wear a mask, take off the mask and put it away, and even a mask can wear two or three days. These practices can easily make the mask into a place where bacteria breed. The outer layer of the mask often accumulates a lot of dust, bacteria and other dirt in the outside air, while the inner layer blocks the exhaled bacteria, saliva, be sure to pay attention to the two sides can not be confused. If worn for a long time, the mask is exhaled hot air or saliva wet, its blocking effect will be greatly reduced, so it is recommended to replace the use. As for disposable masks such as N95, do not use them repeatedly. The non-medical masks normally worn by healthy people do not have a filtering effect and are easily contaminated when worn for a long time, and the bacteria on the masks are easily inhaled into the respiratory tract, causing disease. Take off the mask in a clean paper bag, so as not to stick to the dust particles or bacteria; every day should be washed and replaced mask, only with soap is not enough, but also with boiling water, and by sun exposure, in order to thoroughly clean. Fourth, tips warm water to wash the nasal cavity, pay attention not to excessive In order to reduce the damage of PM2.5 on the human body, some people wear masks in addition to go out, the first thing to do after returning home is to wash the face, rinse the mouth, clean up the nasal cavity. A simple and easy way to wash your nasal cavity is to wash your hands, hold warm water, gently absorb the water through your nose and quickly blow your nose, several times. In this regard, the nasal cavity has the function of filtering, heating and humidifying the external gas to ensure that the gas inhaled into the body is relatively clean. Moderate cleaning of the nasal cavity is beneficial, but must avoid excessive cleaning, otherwise it may cause damage to the mucosa of the nasal cavity, generally speaking, cleaning once or twice a day is sufficient.