v clear history of diabetes; v neuropathy present at or after the diagnosis of diabetes; v clinical signs and symptoms consistent with the presentation of DPN; v DPN diagnosed if 2 or more of the following 5 tests are abnormal: § abnormal temperature sensation; § decreased or absent sensation in the foot on nylon wire examination; § abnormal vibration sensation; § absent ankle reflex; § 2 or more nerve conduction velocity (NCV) more than 2 slowed down