The esophagus, or esophagus, is connected to the pharynx and the cardia of the stomach, and is located to the left of the body’s midline, after the trachea, and is the passageway for food and drink into the stomach. The esophagus is one of the organs of the human digestive system and is a long, flat tube that transports food from the pharynx to the stomach. It is positioned slightly to the left of the body’s midline, behind the trachea, with its upper end at the lower edge of the 6th cervical vertebrae, where it meets the pharynx, and its lower end passing through the diaphragm to the left of the 11th thoracic vertebrae where it connects to the cardia of the stomach. There are three physiological narrow parts of esophagus, which are easy to retain foreign bodies, and the 2nd and 3rd narrow parts are the favorable sites for esophageal cancer. If symptoms such as difficulty in swallowing and pain behind the sternum occur, it is necessary to go to the hospital for diagnosis and treatment in time to prevent the disease from prolonging and causing esophageal cancer.