Surgery for pulmonary isolation has a high success rate of over 90%. Isolated lung disease is a congenital lung malformation in which part of the lung develops separately, receives an abnormal blood supply, and has no or occasional bronchial connections with other normal lung tissues, and does not have normal lung gas exchange function. Isolated lung disease is a rare clinical condition, which is mainly characterized by symptoms of lung infection such as coughing and sputum, fever, etc. It can be cured by surgery and will not recur. Surgery is the main treatment for pulmonary isolation, which is less difficult, has fewer complications, and has a high success rate of more than 90%. Surgery mainly involves lobectomy, including open lobectomy and thoracoscopic lobectomy, with the aim of removing the isolated lungs and avoiding recurrent infections. Patients with pulmonary isolation need to take good personal protection to avoid recurrent lung infections. One month after the operation, patients need to follow the doctor’s instructions to the hospital for review, and the main items for review include blood routine, chest CT, etc.. Patients who usually smoke need to quit smoking to prevent further aggravation of respiratory impairment.