Neonatal anal atresia, which is still more prevalent in live births, is a serious condition in the neonatal period. The pathogenesis is not well understood and may be related to genes and heredity. The main manifestation is persistent vomiting after birth, and when examined there is no normal anal opening at the anal crypt, these children have heavy abdominal distension and start vomiting after birth and after milk is introduced. Surgery is the only solution to this problem. There are many surgical options, depending on the location of the anal atresia. If it is low, the surgery is simple. If it is medium to high, the surgery may have to be done in stages. Children with anal atresia often have a combination of other organ abnormalities, such as heart disease. Anal atresia is more aggressive and needs to be treated quickly within a short time after birth.