Strabismus is a common eye disease in children and adolescents and is extremely harmful. Firstly, it brings about changes in appearance, leading to a great deal of low self-esteem, and secondly, it causes damage to visual function, leading to lifelong vision impairment and affecting future education and employment. However, strabismus cannot be generalized, and different types of strabismus manifest themselves and are treated in completely different ways. Exotropia: This is an outward slanting of the eye position, and can be divided into intermittent and constant exotropia. Intermittent emmetropia can be maintained in a normal position most of the time by the ability of the patient’s image blending, because the patient has a good image blending ability, and the emmetropic eye position is only shown occasionally in sunlight or when the patient is tired and inattentive or sick. Some children often close one eye in the sun to avoid diplopia caused by emmetropia. Intermittent exotropia often develops into constant exotropia. Internal strabismus: commonly known as crossed eyes, the eye position is inwardly skewed. Clinically, it can be divided into congenital and acquired internal strabismus. Those occurring within the first 12 months of life are called congenital internal strabismus, and the angle of deviation is usually large. The latter is usually associated with moderate to high hyperopia or abnormal accommodation cohesion and accommodation ratio; the latter is unrelated to accommodation and refractive status.