Occupational diseases are diseases caused by exposure to dust, radioactive substances and other toxic and harmful substances during the occupational activities of workers in enterprises, institutions and individual economic organizations. The laws of each country provide for the prevention of occupational diseases, and generally speaking, any disease that meets the legal requirements can be called an occupational disease. Major types of occupational diseases There are many types of occupational diseases, including pneumoconiosis, occupational radiation sickness, and occupational poisoning. There are also physical factor occupational diseases, such as heat stroke and decompression sickness. There are also occupational skin diseases, such as: contact dermatitis, photosensitivity dermatitis, etc. In recent years, with the increase of tumor incidence, there is an increasing trend of tumors caused by occupational diseases, such as lung cancer and pleural mesothelioma caused by long-term exposure to asbestos, bladder cancer caused by benzidine, etc. These are all occupational tumors and a type of occupational diseases. Zhao Yue, Department of Medical Oncology, Qinhuangdao Cancer Hospital What is occupational tumor Occupational tumor refers to a certain kind of tumor caused by cancer-causing factors related to a certain industry. Compared with general tumor patients, the difference is that in a certain industry, the incidence of a certain kind of tumor is obviously higher than other people, and at the same time there are some cancer-causing factors working in this industry, it can be said that this kind of tumor is caused by close contact with this industry “Occupational tumor”. The report released by the World Health Organization shows that 15 out of 18 class I carcinogenic substances are mainly from occupational environment; as many as 13 out of 18 class II substances are also from occupational environment. Studies have found that the following types of cancers are closely related to work: people engaged in industries related to asbestos, arsenic processing, cadmium, coal tar, etc. are prone to lung cancer; people engaged in tanning, aluminum, magenta manufacturing, etc. are prone to bladder cancer; people exposed to formaldehyde and asbestos powder in the decoration industry are more likely to get nasopharyngeal cancer; people exposed to benzene, vinyl chloride, X-ray, etc. are likely to suffer from blood tumors, etc. How to prevent occupational tumor? How to avoid occupational factors that induce tumor? Firstly, we should actively prevent occupational tumors and reduce practitioners’ contact with carcinogenic substances, such as improving the level of production automation, as well as choosing safer alternatives, actively conducting testing of toxic substances and purifying treatment. Secondly, improve the labor environment and strictly implement occupational health standards, especially for small and medium-sized enterprises, which should pay more attention to not giving up the improvement of the working environment because of quick success. And workers should strengthen personal protection and raise awareness of health care, such as washing hands and bathing regularly, changing clothes regularly, and wearing protective gear such as masks and face masks when working. At the same time, they should also pay attention to exercise and reasonable diet to improve their resistance. In addition, the most important thing is regular medical checkups. The key to early detection and early treatment of cancer caused by high-risk occupations. If you have cough, nose bleeding or gastrointestinal discomfort, you should go to a hospital specializing in oncology or occupational disease as early as possible, and raising awareness of health care is the most effective prevention method.