Reproductive tract infections are an important factor in male infertility and can affect the quantity and quality of sperm, so microbiological cultures are needed for sperm tests. Testicles, epididymis, seminal vesicle glands and prostate glands are related to sperm production, maturation or transportation, and any infection in the above organs can affect sperm quantity and quality. Common pathogens include Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus aureus, Neisseria gonorrhea, etc. It is necessary to take urethral secretion, prostate massage fluid and semen for examination. If the bacterial count of prostate fluid culture is >5000/ml, it can be diagnosed as bacterial prostatitis; if the bacterial culture of semen is >1000/ml, it can be diagnosed as reproductive tract infection. Some sexually transmitted diseases, such as mycoplasma, chlamydia, gonococcal infections, need to be examined by both husband and wife. If the sperm examination suggests that the bacteria exceeds the standard, please consult a specialist for professional guidance to avoid delaying the condition.