Cervical disc herniation can be treated by non-surgical treatment, anterior cervical decompression and fusion, and posterior decompression. Spinal stenosis is mainly treated by non-surgical treatment, simple spinal decompression or decompression implant fusion internal fixation. 1. Non-surgical treatment: It mainly reduces pain and improves symptoms, but does not fundamentally change the herniated disc. It includes proper rest, bed rest, neck traction or physical therapy. It is often combined with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory painkillers and neurotrophic drugs. 2. Anterior cervical decompression and fusion: It is suitable for those who are ineffective in non-surgical treatment or those who have herniated intervertebral discs compressing the spinal cord or nerve roots, accompanied by neurological dysfunction, etc. The most commonly used procedure is cervical decompression and fusion. The most commonly used procedure is anterior cervical discectomy with intervertebral implant fusion. 3. Posterior decompression surgery: with the development of spinal endoscopic technology in recent years, posterior percutaneous endoscopic discectomy has been increasingly widely used in clinical practice. 4. The non-surgical treatment of spinal stenosis is similar to the above, mainly consisting of rest, physical therapy and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to alleviate the symptoms. 5. For patients with severe symptoms and severe spinal stenosis on imaging, simple decompression of the spinal canal or decompression and implant fusion with internal fixation will be performed if non-surgical treatment is ineffective. The specific treatment depends on the patient’s clinical symptoms, signs, and imaging findings to determine the treatment plan. In order to avoid aggravation of the condition, it is recommended that the patient should seek timely medical advice from a specialist and choose the appropriate treatment according to the patient’s specific situation.