Bile duct obstruction can be treated by surgery, bile duct stenting, puncture and drainage according to the condition of the patient, which needs to be determined according to the specific condition of the patient, and there is no such thing as the most effective method. For bile duct obstruction caused by cholangiocarcinoma, pancreatic head cancer and other malignant tumors, if the patients are in good physical condition, have no contraindications to surgery, and meet the indications for surgery, they can undergo radical resection of the tumor, followed by bile duct reconstruction, which can effectively relieve bile duct obstruction and prolong the patient’s survival period. If the patient cannot tolerate surgery, percutaneous hepatic puncture or endoscopic drainage or placement of biliary stent can be chosen to drain bile and relieve jaundice. For bile duct obstruction caused by choledocholithiasis, endoscopic lithotripsy or choledochotomy can be chosen, and if the obstruction caused by inflammatory stenosis of the distal choledochotomy can not be relieved, bile-intestinal anastomosis can also be adopted. If the patient has serious infections that are not suitable for surgical treatment, percutaneous hepatic puncture or endoscopic drainage can be used, and then consider surgical treatment after the patient’s condition is stabilized. Patients with bile duct obstruction are advised to go to the hospital as soon as possible and have their conditions fully evaluated by a professional doctor before deciding on a specific treatment plan.