What does it mean to have a gene on a chromosome? Genes on chromosomes describes the relationship between genes and chromosomes, which are carriers of genes because chromosomes are composed of DNA and proteins, and genes are DNA fragments that have genetic effects. Genes are all the nucleotide sequences needed to produce a polypeptide chain or functional RNA. Genes support the basic construction and properties of life and store all the information about the processes of race, blood type, conception, growth, and apoptosis of life. Environment and genetics depend on each other to perform important physiological processes such as reproduction of life, cell division and protein synthesis. All life phenomena such as growth, aging, disease and death of living organisms are related to genes, which are also intrinsic factors determining the health of life.