Five major causes of lumbar disc herniation 1, degenerative changes in the lumbar intervertebral disc lack of blood supply, repair energy is weak, daily life intervertebral disc by all sides of the extrusion, pulling and twisting effect, easy to make the intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus, fibrous ring, cartilage plate gradually aging, resulting in easy rupture of the fibrous ring, and caused by disc protrusion. 2, injury due to the lumbar spine arrangement is physiologically convex, intervertebral disc front thick after thin, when the patient in the lumbar injury, bruises, flash back, etc., the nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc moves backward, and the disc protrudes backward. 3, highly loaded when the lumbar load is too heavy, long-term bending work, such as: media mining workers or construction workers, need to bend over for a long time to pick up heavy objects, lumbar disc load more than 100 kPa / cm2, that led to disc rupture of the fibrous ring. 4, lumbar penetration, as early as 1935 was found in the lumbar penetration after the narrowing of the intervertebral space and disc protrusion reported. 5, long-term vibration, car and tractor drivers in the driving process, long-term sitting and bumpy state, the lumbar intervertebral disc under excessive pressure, can lead to disc degeneration and protrusion. At the same time, vibration also affects the intervertebral disc nutrition, the impact on the microvasculature can accelerate the disc protrusion. What are the symptoms of a herniated lumbar disc? Lumbar disc herniation is a lumbar spine disease, sedentary people engaged in copywriting work and other people engaged in manual labor are more likely to suffer from lumbar disc herniation, so what kind of symptoms will patients with lumbar disc herniation have? 1, spinal deformation: When people have a lumbar disc herniation, then there will be varying degrees of functional scoliosis, convexity to the affected side is more, mainly depending on the relationship between the herniation and the nerve root. Lateral bending relaxes the nerve root and reduces pain. If the protrusion is anterolateral to the nerve root, the spine is convex to the affected side; if the protrusion is medial to the nerve root, the spine is convex to the healthy side. Lateral bending is actually a protection to reduce the compression of the nerve root by the protrusion. Intermittent claudication: Patients with lumbar disc herniation may have heavy objects compressing the nerve roots, causing inflammatory reactions and ischemia such as congestion and edema of the nerve roots. When walking, the congestion of the vertebral vein plexus in the blocked vertebral canal aggravates the degree of congestion of the nerve roots and the expansion of the spinal cord blood vessels, which also aggravates the compression of the nerve roots and intermittent claudication and pain. 2, back pain: this pain appears before leg pain, or may appear at the same time. The pain is mainly in the lower back or lumbosacral region, and the cause of the pain is mainly due to the stimulation of the sinus nerve fibers in the outer layer of the annulus fibrosus and the posterior longitudinal ligament after the disc herniation. The pain site is deep, difficult to locate, and is usually dull, stabbing or radiating pain. 3, muscle paralysis: the herniated part of the lumbar disc after herniation compresses the nerve root for a longer period of time, which can cause nerve paralysis and muscle paralysis due to ischemic and hypoxic degeneration of the nerve root. A herniated lumbar disc can cause paralysis of the anterior tibial muscle, peroneal long and short muscles, extensor hallucis longus and extensor digitorum longus muscles due to paralysis of the lumbar nerve roots. After lumbar disc herniation, nerve root involvement paralysis and calf triceps paresis occurs. 4, body numbness and abnormal sensation: after lumbar disc herniation, it can cause localized compression and traction compression in the nerve root contact area, which causes ischemia and hypoxia due to pressure on the fibers and blood vessels of the nerve root itself, so abnormal sensations such as pain and numbness appear in the area innervated by the affected nerve root. Lumbar disc herniation may involve the lumbar 5 nerve root and cause abnormal sensory numbness in the posterior thigh, lateral calf, lateral dorsal foot and dorsal bunion. A lumbar disc herniation can involve abnormal skin sensation on the dorsal side. If the herniated disc compresses or stimulates the paravertebral sympathetic nerve fibers, it can reflexively cause the lower extremity vascular wall to contract and cause coldness, chill, and weakening of the dorsal foot artery. 5.Radiation pain in the lower limbs of the body: Patients with lumbar disc herniation mostly have sciatica, mostly starting from the buttocks and gradually radiating to the posterior lateral thigh, lateral calf, dorsal foot and lateral plantar foot and toes. The central type of herniation often causes bilateral sciatica. The transmission-like lower extremity radiating pain is aggravated by increased intra-abdominal pressure such as coughing, sneezing, and urination and defecation. Lower extremity pain is one of the main symptoms of a herniated lumbar disc. What should I do if I have a herniated lumbar disc? Lumbar disc herniation is a very common disease in the clinic. Nowadays, not only the elderly but also many young people suffer from mild lumbar disc herniation, which needs to be categorized and treated because of the different types of lumbar herniation patients, the different severity of the disease and the many treatment methods. Patients should be treated in a sequential manner under the guidance of an experienced specialist. The procedure is generally conservative, then interventional, and finally surgical. The vast majority of patients do not need surgical treatment, so what to do with a mild lumbar disc herniation? 1, the correct treatment method: conservative treatment is the first choice of treatment, after many regular system of conservative treatment is ineffective, then choose surgery. The majority of patients who really need surgery account for about 5%, and the majority of patients can achieve better results with conservative treatment. Do not rely solely on internal or topical medications. Medications can help eliminate inflammation and reduce symptoms, but it is difficult to promote displacement of the protrusion. Proper exercise can improve muscle blood circulation, promote metabolism, increase muscle reactivity and strength, loosen soft tissue adhesions, correct the imbalance between the intrinsic and extrinsic balance of the spine, and improve the stability, flexibility and durability of the lumbar spine, thus playing a good therapeutic and preventive role. 1, pay attention to bed rest: pay attention to bed rest. In the early stage of the disease and treatment period, because the joint ligaments are relatively loose and inflammation is heavy, poor rest may aggravate the disease, and sleeping on a hard bed is the most basic treatment measure. 2, correct posture and exercise: people in daily life, study and work, need a variety of different activities posture, developed their own habits, its correct or not has an important impact on the human body. Therefore, we are required to pay attention to the usual posture of standing, sitting, labor posture, as well as sleep posture and other rationality, correct bad posture and habits, strengthen exercise, enhance physical fitness, especially to strengthen the functional exercise of the lumbar and back muscles.