The treatment of diabetes includes five sets of horses: diabetes education, diet therapy, exercise therapy, medication therapy, blood glucose monitoring and management, and several aspects of detection and control of other cardiovascular disease risk factors. Diabetes knowledge education: Once diabetes is diagnosed, patients should be educated about diabetes, including general knowledge of diabetes, self-monitoring and management of blood glucose and urine sugar. This includes general knowledge of diabetes, self-monitoring and management of blood glucose and urine sugar, usage of hypoglycemic drugs, observation and management of adverse reactions, and prevention and treatment of various complications. Every diabetic should receive comprehensive diabetes education and fully grasp self-management skills. Diet therapy: Scientific and reasonable diet and nutrition therapy is the basis of diabetes treatment and an important part of comprehensive management. The general principle is to determine a reasonable total energy intake, a reasonable and balanced distribution of various nutrients, and to restore and maintain an ideal body weight. It also means to control the mouth. Exercise therapy: It also plays an important role in the treatment of diabetes. Exercise increases insulin sensitivity and helps control blood sugar and weight. According to the patient’s personal situation, regular and appropriate exercise should be carried out under the guidance of a physician, gradually and persistently for a long time, that is, to open the legs. Blood glucose monitoring: The basic indicators of blood glucose monitoring include fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin. Patients are recommended to use portable blood glucose meters for self-testing and participate in cooperating with treatment. In addition, patients should assess cardiovascular risk factors, monitor blood pressure, and get a full picture of their blood lipids and the condition of their heart, brain, kidney and fundus at least once a year for early detection of complications. Medication: Diabetes medication includes two categories: oral and injectable. Oral hypoglycemic drugs are divided into many kinds, commonly used are: insulin secretory agents sulfonylureas and glinides; inhibition of hepatic glucose output biguanides; insulin sensitizing agents glitazones; inhibition of sugar absorption of alpha glucosidase inhibitors. Injectable diabetes drugs are mainly insulin, including long-acting, medium-acting, short-acting, mixed and other preparations. In addition, there are some relatively new treatment means, such as metabolic surgery treatment, pancreatic conduit gland transplantation and islet cell therapy, and management of hyperglycemic state during pregnancy, all of which have their own indications and contraindications. Therefore, the treatment of diabetes is relatively diverse, but long-term persistence is the foundation. Patients need to pay attention to communication with their doctors, actively cooperate, monitor their condition for a long time, and adjust their treatment plan in a timely manner.