Cleft palate is a common congenital malformation of the oral and maxillofacial region, and its main manifestation is the cleft of the palate, i.e. the cleft of the palatal vault, with varying degrees of clefts, ranging from the front of the soft palate to the foramen magnum, and even the alveolar eminence.
1. The anatomy of the palate is divided into two parts, the hard palate and the soft palate, the hard palate has the role of separating the oral and nasal cavities; the soft palate is composed of five pairs of palatal muscle groups to form a muscle ring, which is an important anatomical structure to assist the function of articulation, speech and swallowing.
2. Patients with cleft palate mainly have clefts in the vault of the palate, with varying degrees of clefts, ranging up to the incisal aperture, and even the alveolar process is also cleft. The hard palate is cleft so that the mouth and nasal cavity are connected; the soft palate is cleft to interrupt the integrity of the mylohyoid ring, so that the patient is unable to form the palatopharyngeal closure, affecting the function of the pharyngeal tube, which can lead to sucking, speech, hearing and other dysfunctions.
Patients suffering from cleft palate should seek medical treatment in time, complete the examination, and standardize the treatment under the guidance of professional stomatologists, so as to avoid delaying the condition.