Proliferative inflammatory disease of the mucosa has more pronounced proliferation of connective tissue, blood vessels and parenchymal cells such as epithelial cells and glands. Polyps may form in the mucosa. This includes proliferation of parenchymal and interstitial cells. Proliferation of parenchymal cells, such as epithelial cells and glands in chronic inflammation of the nasal mucosa, and hepatocytes in chronic hepatitis. Inflammatory cell infiltration, activation of the monocyte macrophage system. Fibroblast proliferation can produce large numbers of collagen fibers, which can form inflammatory fibrosis, which manifests more prominently in chronic inflammation and even forms inflammatory polyps in conjunction with parenchymal cell proliferation. The proliferation of parenchymal and mesenchymal cells is the result of stimulation by the corresponding growth factors. There is a relationship with long-term structural abnormalities, nodular proliferative lesions. Inflammatory hyperplasia is an important defense response that has the effect of limiting the spread and diffusion of inflammation and allowing regeneration and repair of damaged tissue. For example, in the early stages of inflammation, proliferating macrophages have a role in phagocytosis of pathogens and removal of tissue disintegration products; in the later stages of inflammation, proliferating fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells together form granulation tissue that contributes to the repair by limiting inflammation and finally forming scar tissue. However, excessive tissue proliferation is detrimental to the organism, for example, excessive proliferation of granulation rent, so that the original parenchymal cells suffer damage and affect organ function, such as cirrhosis of the liver in viral hepatitis and myocardial sclerosis after myocarditis.