Pulmonary fibrosis is a serious lung disease in which fibroblasts proliferate in the lungs and a large amount of extracellular matrix accumulates, destroying the original structure of the lungs. Pulmonary fibrosis is also associated with inflammatory damage, and clinical manifestations are mainly characterized by dyspnea. In the early stage of the disease, according to the cause of the disease, active treatment, can be effectively relieved, while severe patients to the late stage of the disease is often 24 hours away from the inhalation of a higher concentration of oxygen, and can not take care of their own life, the patient suffers a lot of pain. For pulmonary fibrosis, there are no effective treatments in Chinese and western medicine at home and abroad, and commonly used drugs are pirfenidone and nidazepam. If the symptoms of hypoxia are obvious, the patient can inhale oxygen every day to improve the symptoms. After the formation of pulmonary fibrosis, the main symptoms are decreased lung function and dyspnea. Simply changing the living environment cannot improve the lung function and the degree of fibrosis. The vast majority of pulmonary fibrosis has no obvious cause, it is related to long-term smoking, environmental factors, etc. This kind of pulmonary fibrosis is called idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and it is recommended to go to a respiratory specialist for comprehensive evaluation and scientific treatment to improve the efficacy and safety of treatment. With the continuous progress of basic science, especially biology, the close integration of biology and medicine may be expected to treat pulmonary fibrosis.