The seventh edition of the textbook of Internal Medicine published by the People’s Health Publishing House contains new and clear indications and contraindications for iodine 131 therapy for hyperthyroidism: 1. Indications for iodine 131 therapy for hyperthyroidism: 1) adult Graves’ hyperthyroidism with goiter of degree II or higher; 2) failure of ATD therapy or allergy; 3) recurrence of hyperthyroidism after surgery; 4) thyrotoxic heart disease (5) Hyperthyroidism combined with leukocytopenia and/or thrombocytopenia or allocytopenia; (6) Hyperthyroidism in the elderly; (7) Hyperthyroidism combined with diabetes mellitus; (8) Toxic multinodular goiter; (9) Autonomous functional thyroid nodules combined with hyperthyroidism. 2. Relative indications for iodine 131 treatment of hyperthyroidism: ① adolescents and children with hyperthyroidism who have failed treatment with ATD, refused surgery or have contraindications to surgery; ② hyperthyroidism combined with impairment of liver, kidney and other organ functions; ③ Graves’ ophthalmopathy, iodine 131 can be used to treat hyperthyroidism in mild and stable moderate to severe cases, and in patients with progressive disease, iodine 131 can be used before and after treatment. Prednisone. 3. Contraindications to iodine 131 treatment for hyperthyroidism: ① women during pregnancy; ② women during lactation. This version of the textbook has placed iodine 131 treatment for hyperthyroidism before surgery, which shows that iodine 131 treatment is gaining popularity!