Ventricular septal defect is a congenital heart malformation caused by incomplete development of the ventricular septum during the embryonic period, and is the most common type of congenital heart disease, the incidence of which accounts for 50% of congenital heart disease in China, and can occur singly or in conjunction with other malformations. The ventricular defect belongs to the latent cyanotic type (left-to-right shunt type) in the classification of congenital heart disease, in which the pressure of the body circulation is normally higher than that of the pulmonary circulation and cyanosis does not occur. The diagnosis requires cardiac ultrasound, and treatment may include cardiac intervention or surgery to correct the deformity.