Denture stomatitis is an inflammatory damage to the palatal and gingival mucosa in contact with the movable denture pair. This is one of the most common clinical problems in patients with removable dentures. The lesion is mainly manifested as bright red edema, yellowish-white striated or mottled pseudomembrane. Patients experience dry mouth and burning pain in the mouth. In short, denture stomatitis is an inflammation of the mouth caused by improper use of the denture (dentures), not due to improperly made dentures, but due to improper use by the patient and lack of attention to oral hygiene.
Clinical manifestations
Denture stomatitis is an inflammatory damage to the oral mucosa caused by wearing a movable denture with a reddish color. Most denture stomatitis is associated with Candida, and its causative agent is mainly Candida albicans. It occurs in the elderly, with bright red edema of the mucosa or yellowish-white striated or speckled pseudomembranes, and the patient feels dry mouth and burning pain in the mouth. Some patients are allergic to the resin material used for dentures. Patients with these dentures soon experience large areas of redness, swelling and stinging pain in the mouth, which is unbearable and allergic symptoms appear.
The main affected groups
Denture stomatitis is an inflammatory damage to the oral mucosa caused by the use of removable dentures.
The elderly is the main group of movable denture, plus the oral health of the elderly is generally poor, and the thickness of the oral mucosa increases with age and becomes thinner, dry, atrophy, poor elasticity, salivary gland function is reduced, resulting in less saliva and sticky, food residues easy to adhere to the oral mucosa and denture, not easy to self-clean, while saliva from acidic to alkaline, these are conducive to the proliferation of Candida and the invasion of the oral mucosa. These are conducive to the proliferation of Candida and the invasion of oral mucosa. In addition, inadequate cleaning of denture hygiene, wearing denture at night, diabetes, long-term inappropriate antibiotic treatment, immune deficiency, vitamin, folic acid and iron deficiency, drug-induced dry mouth, smoking, etc. are all risk factors for the disease.
[Influencing Factors].
A large number of clinical cases in medicine show that improper denture care will pose a serious threat to the health of the elderly and can cause oral diseases such as denture stomatitis.
1. Incomplete cleaning of the denture.
It will produce odor, affect the diet and reduce the function of the stomach and intestines; breed bacteria and cause ulcers or other oral and internal diseases.
2.Insecure fit to the mouth.
Chewing pain, unable to eat normally, produce friction swelling pain, ulcers; cause dental caries, periodontal disease, denture stomatitis and other diseases.
3.Improper denture cleaning method.
Hot water or alcohol soaking, rinsing, leading to damage, deformation, reduce the service life; toothbrush easily wear the denture, produce brush marks, hidden bacteria infect the mouth.
Prevention and treatment]
Among the removable partial dentures, the incidence of hybrid supported denture is low, and the degree of lesion is related to the adaptability of the base and the balanced force of the occlusion. In the restoration of the denture, measures should be taken to ensure the retention and stability of the abutment and the balanced force of the denture in various jaw positions to minimize the trauma caused by the denture to the overlying tissue. The denture with poor tissue suitability and those that have been worn for a long time should be rebuilt in time.
Attention should be paid to the oral environment hygiene. The oral health of the elderly is generally poor, and the thickness of the oral mucosa becomes thinner, drier, atrophied and less elastic with age, the salivary gland function decreases, resulting in less saliva and sticky, the food residue is easy to adhere between the oral mucosa and the denture, between the gaps of the denture, not easy to self-clean, at the same time saliva turns from acidic to alkaline, these are conducive to the proliferation of Candida and the invasion of the oral mucosa. The denture in the mouth hinders the self-cleaning effect of the tongue and the antibacterial substances carried by the flowing saliva, making it easy for bacteria to be deposited on the surface of the denture and the mucous membrane. For this reason, denture patients should pay attention to oral hygiene, and the teeth should be cleaned regularly and periodically.
For denture wearers, in order to improve their oral hygiene and health, and to prevent diseases such as denture stomatitis, professional denture care must be done regularly, and the care mainly includes two aspects.
First, the content of denture care.
(1) storage. That is, through professional denture care products, scientific, reasonable and hygienic storage of denture, so that it is free from bacterial fungal infestation.
(2) Cleaning. That is, to remove tartar, tartar, plaque and eliminate possible oral bacteria and fungi through professional denture care products such as denture cleaning tablets.
(3) Retention. That is, through professional denture care products, the denture is bonded to the oral cavity firmly, not moving, not painful, keep chewing powerfully, eating smoothly, and not allowing the invasion of bacteria and fungi to take advantage of.
Second, the method of denture care.
(1) “remove”: in order to maintain oral hygiene and avoid gum damage, should do after meals should take off the denture cleaning. Before going to bed, you should take off the denture and put it in the care box to keep the mucous membrane in the mouth healthy.
(2) “Soak”: wash the denture with denture cleaning tablets with water, do not use hot water, alcohol soaking, so as not to age deformation. Take off and soak in the denture cleaning solution for 3-4 hours every night before going to bed, the effect is better if you have heavy tartar soaking all night.
(3) “Sticky”: If the denture and oral fit is not stable, it is easy to wear the dental bed, breeding germs, affecting the health of diet, use professional products, so that the denture and oral fit closely, chewing comfort.