Most of the thyroid nodules found by ultrasound are benign, and the percentage of malignant ones is still small. However, the overall incidence of thyroid nodules has been increasing year by year in recent years, so the incidence of malignancy is also increasing. In recent years, we have performed a large number of differential diagnoses of benign and malignant thyroid nodules in clinical practice, with almost 100 patients per week. We experience that ultrasound can clearly diagnose the nature of more than 80% of nodules in various locations and forms, and the diagnostic accuracy rate is 100%. Fine needle aspiration biopsy is mainly used to diagnose papillary carcinoma, while rare types of thyroid cancer cannot be diagnosed by fine needle aspiration. For benign thyroid nodules, we have performed ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation treatment. In the past 4 years, we have treated hundreds of patients without any serious complications (such as injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve, injury to large blood vessels, tracheoesophageal injury, etc.), and only in rare cases was bleeding outside the perineum or muscle of the thyroid gland visible during the operation. Of course any surgery is risky and there is no guarantee that an unexpected situation will not occur in the future, but what we can do is to prepare carefully and do our best to operate and observe carefully to minimize the chances of various risks. We take different, shall we say, individualized treatment plans for different patients, especially for large nodules with multiple occurrences near the recurrent laryngeal nerve, and often choose to operate twice or more times to achieve total ablation of the treatment purpose. For large nodules, we have a scientific and reasonable three-dimensional needle placement, so that the nodules can be ablated as completely as possible with as few punctures as possible. The results of our follow-up are very satisfactory.