One of the main concerns of many infertile couples at their first visit is the tubal examination. Probably due to the influence of some advertisements or the so-called experience of “experienced” people, the most important concern when talking about infertility is the fallopian tubes of the female partner. ”Tubal factor” accounts for about 30% of female infertility causes. The tests for tubal infertility include tubal aeration, tubal lavage, hysterosalpingography, uterine tubal lavage under ultrasound, hysteroscopic lavage through the fallopian tube, laparoscopic lavage under direct vision, combined hysteroscopy and tuboscopy, etc. I. Tubal lavage, because of the potential risk of air embolism, the accuracy rate is only 45% to 50%, and there is a risk of tubal rupture, no hospital should be performing this examination. The accuracy rate of tubal lavage is the same as that of tubal lavage, and it cannot clarify the degree of tubal patency, the site and nature of tubal obstruction, or even the right and left, so it is not used as the first choice for the examination of tubal patency. Third, hysterosalpingography (HSG), which is currently considered to be a more accurate and reliable test, can be divided into iodine oil contrast and iodine water contrast depending on the contrast agent used. HSG can observe both the morphology of the uterine cavity and the patency of the fallopian tubes. Previous Meta-analysis evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of HSG for the diagnosis of tubal infertility at 65% and 83%. It is important to note that iodine oil imaging should not forget to take a pelvic diffusion film 24 hours later and iodine water imaging is taken 30 minutes later. This is crucial for diagnosis. The advantages are clear images, accurate understanding of the patency of the fallopian tubes, different morphology of the tubes, pelvic adhesions and the morphology of the umbilical end, easy preservation of the films and convenient consultation. The disadvantages are: a certain amount of x-ray exposure is required and contraception is usually needed for 2-3 months after the procedure. Patients who are allergic to the iodine agent used cannot undergo this test. The greatest advantage is that it is easier to detect intrauterine problems than HSG, such as endometrial polyps, etc. There are also advantages such as clearer images, more accurate knowledge of tubal patency, different morphology of the fallopian tubes, pelvic adhesions, and the morphology of the umbilical end, and the subject does not need to receive a large amount of X-ray exposure. It is less painful than laparoscopy, less expensive, safer, and virtually non-invasive, requiring no hospitalization. It is less painful than laparoscopy, less expensive, safer, and almost non-invasive. It also has the effect of separating adhesions while making diagnosis, because there is a large amount of saline and gentamicin, chymotrypsin, and dexamethasone in the pelvic cavity, which can separate small adhesions with the movement of the body, and has a therapeutic effect on some inflammation-induced tubal patency. V. Hysteroscopic intubation and fluids through the fallopian tube mouth. If combined with endometrial lesions, such as endometrial lesions, this test can be performed to observe the situation in the uterine cavity and perform treatment while intubation and fluids through the fallopian tube mouth to determine patency or not according to whether there is reflux and resistance to pushing. It is not as accurate as HSG and ultrasound subuterine tubal lavage, but better than normal lavage. AdvantagesAn additional simultaneous therapeutic function than ultrasound subuterine tubal lavage. The disadvantage is that there is no way to diagnose the fallopian tubes outside the uterine cavity, which is also blind like tubal lavage. With the popularization of hysteroscopy, this test is basically not recommended and is generally used only for cases where hysteroscopy is difficult to be inserted. Seven, combined hysterolaparoscopy. Laparoscopy is mainly used to treat adhesions at the umbilical end of the fallopian tubes or to understand the adhesions around the fallopian tubes and the pelvic cavity, and the inner cavity of the fallopian tubes cannot be seen and the specific situation of the inner cavity cannot be understood. It is therefore a test performed when a hysterosalpingogram confirms that there is a problem with the uterus or fallopian tubes. This is usually the ultimate test before IVF, meaning that if all your tests are clean, or if there are problems that have been solved but you are still not pregnant, then your doctor will recommend this procedure, which may reveal some problems that were not found before, such as pelvic adhesions, or suspected pelvic endometriosis can be diagnosed and treated. If, prior to these tests, there is a combination of ovarian cysts and other conditions that require surgical treatment, it is recommended that hysteroscopy with intubation and fluids be performed at the same time. This will increase the chances of pregnancy after the procedure. Or patients found to have severe tubal effusion will have this procedure done to remove the effused fallopian tubes and hysteroscopy before IVF to increase the success rate of IVF. The disadvantage is that it is more expensive, usually around $15,000, and there are 3-4 small wounds in the abdomen. Recently, with the promotion of single-port laparoscopy, microlaparoscopy and trans-natural cavity endoscopic surgery techniques, the procedure without scars or minimal scars can be promoted soon in the future. Tuboscopy, due to its high price and limited application, is not yet popular and is generally used for research. Precautions: 1. Pre-operative examination of the leucorrhoea and mycoplasma and chlamydia, if there is any infection, the examination will be performed after treatment. 2, The best time to check is 2 days after the clean menstruation of the current month until the formation of the dominant follicle. 3.No sexual intercourse after menstruation. 4.Prohibit bathing and sexual life for 2 weeks after the operation.