Small nodules in the basal segment of the lungs are generally not serious, but we need to be alert to the possibility that small nodules in the basal segment of the lungs may be malignant after tuberculosis, and if they are tuberculous and malignant, they will be more serious. For nodules less than 1cm in the basal segment of the lung, it is necessary to go to the hospital for chest CT examination regularly, and it is recommended that it be done once every 3-6 months to check whether the nodules in the basal segment of the lung are rapidly getting bigger or whether there are signs of malignant changes such as the burr sign or the vacuole sign. For nodules larger than 1cm in the basal segment of the lung, it is recommended to perform a puncture biopsy to check the benign or malignant status of the nodule according to the pathologic results. If the nodule is benign, it can be observed regularly or surgically removed. If the nodule is malignant, surgery is recommended as soon as possible, and the doctor will comprehensively analyze the patient’s condition and provide systematic treatment. If the patient has previous tuberculosis or has coughing sputum, shortness of breath, chest tightness, weight loss, etc., it is necessary to pay attention to whether it is a recurrence of tuberculosis. If the recurrence of tuberculosis is more serious, it is recommended to go to the hospital to improve the chest CT or antacid staining examination, and choose the appropriate treatment plan as soon as possible.