I. What kind of disease is psoriasis?
Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease with characteristic erythema, papules and scales. It is currently considered to be a chronic, systemic, immune disease.
How high is the prevalence of psoriasis?
The prevalence of psoriasis is about 2%, which varies according to race and geography. In the United States, the prevalence rate is 4.6%, and in Canada, 4.7%; in Asia, the prevalence rate is lower, with an average of 0.3%, and in China, the prevalence rate was 0.123% in 1984, with about 100,000 new patients each year in recent years.
The prevalence rate of men is higher than that of women, the prevalence rate in urban areas is higher than that in rural areas, and the prevalence rate in the north is higher than that in the south.
Third, what are the characteristics of the course of psoriasis?
There are great individual differences in psoriasis, some are very light, some are serious; some are healed in just a few months, some are still not improved for decades, the course of the disease is variable, and most patients tend to alternate between remission and aggravation.
Fourth, what are the factors and pathogenesis of psoriasis?
1.Chinese medicine view
According to traditional Chinese medicine, this disease is caused by heat in the body and external wind-cold and wind-heat, and the combination of internal and external factors, blood-heat blocking the skin, which does not disperse, thus producing red spots, scales and other skin lesions. In the initial stage, blood-heat is the main cause of the disease, and in the long term, blood stasis blocks blood channels and injures Yin and blood to dryness.
2.Western medicine view
Western medicine believes that the pathogenesis of this disease has a polygenic genetic background, and the pathogenesis is based on T-lymphocyte-mediated autoimmune reaction; it is also related to infection, environmental factors, neuropsychiatric factors, bad habits such as smoking and alcohol abuse, and diet structure.
V. What are the clinical manifestations of psoriasis?
Psoriasis is generally clinically divided into four types, of which the common type is the most common one, accounting for more than 99%; there are also three special types, such as pustular, arthritic and erythrodermic, and the special types are mostly derived from changes such as improper treatment of the common type.
The typical skin lesion of common psoriasis is erythematous scales: when diagnosing, you can scrape the scales with a blunt blade, etc. When scraping away the multi-layer silvery white scales, there is a sticky feeling, as if scraping on wax drops, called “wax drop phenomenon”; after scraping the scales, the following is like a translucent film, called “film phenomenon “; then scrape the film, that is, see the dotted bleeding, called “dotted bleeding phenomenon”, dotted bleeding is the characteristic damage of the disease.
The scalp is the easy to attack parts of the disease, typical damage can be seen in the lesions of hair bundles, called “bundle hair”; some patients have damage to the nail plate, visible “thimble-like” nail, or nail thickening, broken, etc..
According to the different duration of the disease, the lesion form can be seen as dotted, coin-shaped, plaque, map-like, oyster shell-like, mixed and so on.
How should psoriasis be treated?
(A) Basic consensus on treatment
1.The disease can only be relieved, but not cut off;
2.It is better not to treat, not to treat indiscriminately;
3, can be preferred to Chinese medicine, to stay away from hormones;
4, the combination of regulation and treatment, reasonable use of drugs.
(B) the disease can not be treated (with drugs) reasons
1, the disease is not contagious, in most cases, no major harm to their health;
2, mild (moderate) psoriasis can often naturally remit;
3.Treatment can only control the disease, or achieve long-term remission, but can not cut off the root;
4.No medication may not lead to complications.
(3) Reasons why the disease needs treatment (medication)
1.The disease will gradually (or suddenly) aggravate, or keep developing;
2.The disease brings physical discomfort (such as itching) or psychological disturbance;
3, affects the quality of life;
4, other reasons to be treated.
Current common treatment means
1.Therapeutic treatment in Chinese medicine (recommended)
In recent years, the results of a large sample of clinical studies on the distribution pattern of the disease show that the disease is mainly characterized by blood heat, blood stasis and blood dryness. The main treatment is to cool the blood and detoxify the toxin, invigorate the blood and remove blood stasis, and nourish the blood and dispel wind.
2.Other treatments in Chinese medicine
Including the use of Chinese ointment, medicinal bath, acupuncture and massage, etc.
3.Western medicine treatment
Based on the understanding of the pathogenesis of psoriasis, the targets and methods of Western medicine treatment are based on the inhibition of T lymphocyte activation, anti-inflammation and inhibition of keratinocyte proliferation. Depending on the patient’s condition, local topical application, systemic treatment, phototherapy, etc. are given; in the past 10 years, foreign countries also use biological agents for treatment.
Seven, psoriasis common prevention and treatment misconceptions and consequences
(A) Indiscriminate use of hormones
Common performance.
1, long-term, repeated topical use of hormone-containing creams, such as compound ketofurazole, compound clobetasol, dinaide, etc.;
2, injection or oral hormone, such as the use of trimethoprim, prednisone, dexamethasone, etc..
Consequences: after the use of hormones, lesions fade quickly and clean; but 1-3 months after a rapid relapse and each aggravated, repeated use eventually led to erysipelas.
(B) anxiously seeking medical help
Common performance.
1, see × × specialist or specialist hospital into, on the letter;
2, looking for secret recipes, prescriptions, believe in miracle doctors, believe in charlatan doctors;
3, fall for the medical trust.
Consequences: no standard treatment, or even toxic side effects of drugs, costly, complicated.
(C) biased belief in advertising
Some of the deceptive advertising production, packaging is very good, but also do some health promotion; but there are several common features.
1, bragging about being able to cure
2, propaganda secret recipes, miracle drugs (often containing hormones)
3, mail order marketing fake drugs or health products
4, according to the course of treatment to send drugs, high fees
Consequences: cost money and aggravate the disease
Appeal to the patients: “sharpen your eyes, believe in science, refuse to be fooled”
Eight: Self-management of psoriasis
There is no medical means to cure psoriasis.
1.Psychological cognition
To objectively understand the disease, overcome inferiority complex, depression, tension and other bad emotions; relatives should care and understand the patient.
2.Dietary factors and management
(1) Dietary risk factors: consumption of animal oil, fatty meat, fish and shrimp and alcohol may lead to recurrence and aggravation of psoriasis.
(2) As patients lose keratin due to massive desquamation, a reasonable diet structure is: low-fat, high-calorie, high vitamin and easy-to-digest food, and it is appropriate to eat more fresh vegetables, fruits and soy products. It is not advocated to blindly avoid eating, and encourage food diversification.
3.Avoid infection and trauma
The occurrence and development of psoriasis are related to a variety of pathogenic microbial infections, such as streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, human papilloma virus, cytomegalovirus and fungi, etc., among which streptococcus is the most closely related. Psoriasis skin lesions can also appear after trauma.
4.Correct bad habits
Domestic scholars have done Meta-analysis on the relationship between smoking and alcoholism and psoriasis, and the results suggest that smoking and alcoholism are risk factors of psoriasis.