Mild thalassemia in one of the spouses does not require special treatment, but prenatal testing is necessary. Thalassemia is known as “thalassemia”, and mild thalassemia is known as “thalassemia minor”, commonly known as α and β thalassemia. β thalassemia patients are asymptomatic or mildly anemic, with small or mildly enlarged spleens; α thalassemia patients are asymptomatic. Patients with α-thalassemia are asymptomatic. Thalassemia minor does not require special treatment. If one of the spouses has thalassemia minor, prenatal examination should be done well. Genetic analysis can be used for prenatal diagnosis, which is able to diagnose thalassemia major in the early stage of pregnancy and terminate the pregnancy in time, thus avoiding the occurrence of hydrops fetalis syndrome and the birth of a child with thalassemia major. Specific diagnosis and treatment should be carried out under the supervision of a physician.