Comment: The latest statistics on the prevalence of hypertension in China is 29.6%, with about 130 million people suffering from hypertension. However, the national awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate of hypertension are only 42.6%, 34.1% and 9.3% respectively, and the blood pressure standard rate among patients receiving antihypertensive treatment is only 27.4%, hypertension has become a common killer affecting the national health of China. The problem is that most patients with hypertension are self-proclaimed as primary hypertension and ignore the in-depth examination and necessary treatment, so the achievement rate of hypertension treatment is very low, and the consequences are also very serious. In fact, there is no such thing as primary hypertension in clinical practice, only hypertension for which no cause can be found. Studies have shown that 30-40% of patients with so-called “primary hypertension” have “salt-sensitive hypertension” that can be controlled by reducing salt intake. This suggests that all patients with hypertension should actively seek out the cause, reflect on their lifestyle habits, and learn more about medical science. Here is a side view of hypertension. Mutual influence of kidney and blood pressure Hypertension can cause hypertensive nephropathy, which shows that the kidney is an organ vulnerable to hypertension. The kidneys are rich in blood flow and have a very close relationship with blood pressure, so I would like to explain a little more about the relationship between the two. About 80% of hypertensive patients have “essential hypertension”, and 30-40% of them have “salt-sensitive hypertension” that can be controlled by reducing salt intake. When the salt content in the blood increases, the water in the cells flows into the blood, causing an increase in blood volume and a consequent increase in blood pressure, and the kidneys excrete a large amount of salt due to the increase in blood volume and blood pressure, resulting in a decrease in body fluid and a decrease in blood pressure. Conversely, when salt in the blood decreases and blood pressure drops, the kidneys’ excretion of salt also decreases in order to increase blood volume and make blood pressure rise. Like this, the kidneys serve the important task of regulating blood pressure. Therefore, a state of high blood pressure will increase the burden on the kidneys and impair kidney function. Conversely, when kidney function is impaired for some reason, abnormal blood pressure may also occur. This type of hypertension is called “renal hypertension”. Long-term kidney disease and deterioration of kidney function will definitely lead to renal hypertension. The next chapter will explain how to treat it. Mechanism of blood pressure regulation by the kidneys Renal hypertension caused by kidney disease can be divided into two main categories. One is “renal substantial hypertension” caused by acute glomerulonephritis and chronic glomerulonephritis. Currently, it is believed that hypertension occurs because the glomerular filtration capacity is reduced and the ability to filter salt is decreased, resulting in the accumulation of salt and water in the body. Therefore, the pathogenesis and treatment are similar to those of salt-sensitive hypertension. Another type of renal hypertension is called “renal vascular hypertension,” which is caused by reduced blood flow (perfusion) in the kidney due to narrowing of the renal arteries. To improve the lack of blood flow, the kidneys secrete large amounts of renin, which raises blood pressure, to ensure that the blood supply to the kidneys rises. Mechanisms of hypertension caused by kidney disease There are two types of hypertension caused by kidney disease