Early treatment of colorectal polyps is an important measure to prevent colorectal cancer. Endoscopy is recognized as the preferred method for the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal polyps because of its ease of operation and low invasiveness. However, there are limitations in endoscopic treatment of polyps. For polyps of large size and special locations, especially those located in the ileocecal region and the hepatic flexure of the colon, the operation is difficult due to endoscopic angle restrictions, and the treatment of polyps is often incomplete, with complications such as perforation and bleeding occurring from time to time. The treatment of difficult polyps often requires open surgery to remove polyps or even diseased intestinal segments, and the unreasonable pattern of “small lesions, large incisions” of open surgery cannot be changed; and for polyps with malignant changes, the cure is often achieved by open radical surgery, and the trauma of surgery is self-evident. Therefore, polyp treatment has the potential to overtreat and increase trauma and complications. In recent years, laparoscopic techniques have been applied to colorectal surgery, with obvious advantages such as less trauma and quicker recovery, and the feasibility and safety of the surgery has been gradually confirmed. For laparoscopic radical surgery, since it does not change the traditional surgical approach, the surgery also follows the principles of radical tumor treatment, including adequate resection scope, lymphatic clearance, tumor non-contact principle, incision protection, etc. The long-term outcome of laparoscopic radical surgery has been gradually proven to be the same as that of conventional surgery. Therefore, laparoscopy has been promoted as a mature technique, and laparoscopic treatment of colorectal polyps is naturally expected to be the method of choice after failure of endoscopic treatment. Due to the lack of tactile sensation in laparoscopic surgery, benign and malignant colorectal polyps requiring combined bimanual treatment are relatively small and often difficult to detect through laparoscopy alone. Intraoperative enteroscopy can provide accurate and immediate localization of the lesion, allowing the operator to choose the most appropriate surgical approach and scope based on what is seen by the enteroscope, so the combined use of laparoscopy and intraoperative endoscopy is gradually increasing and becoming a new treatment modality. Not only that, polyps that originally cannot or difficult to remove endoscopically can be removed by colonoscopy under the close surveillance and assistance of laparoscopy, which can reduce or minimize complications, so that patients with colorectal polyps who have to resort to open surgery because of the difficulty of endoscopic treatment alone still have the hope of achieving polypectomy through endoscopy. The assistance of laparoscopy increases the safety of endoscopic treatment alone and expands the range of indications for endoscopic treatment of polyps.