Nursing measures for acute pyelonephritis are mainly to pay attention to drinking a lot of water in diet, closely observing the vital signs of the patient as well as the reaction after medication, and paying attention to keeping the perineum clean. 1. Dietary care for patients with acute pyelonephritis needs to pay attention to drinking a lot of water and urinating diligently, the flushing effect of urine can help the recovery of pyelonephritis and prevent recurrence. 2. The patient’s vital signs need to be closely monitored, especially pay attention to body temperature, heart rate, blood pressure and so on. 3. Pay attention to observe the reaction after medication, especially the application of penicillin, cephalosporin antibiotics, etc. There is a possibility of severe allergy, which needs to be closely monitored. 4. Strengthen basic nursing care, maintain patients’ perineum clean, reduce the chance of bacterial upstream infection. Patients with acute pyelonephritis should go to the hospital in time and follow the doctor’s instructions to improve the examination and symptomatic treatment.