So far, there are several “hard bones” in the field of ophthalmology that are difficult to overcome, and glaucoma is one example. Under the status quo of “incurable glaucoma”, many patients have a negative attitude towards the treatment, and some have even backed off. From the medical point of view, glaucoma is a lifelong disease that is still incurable at the current medical level; data provided by the World Health Organization shows that glaucoma has become the world’s first irreversible blindness-causing eye disease, so the goal of active treatment of glaucoma at this stage is not to cure it, but to maximize the preservation of useful vision and to stop or delay the progression of the disease process through early detection and timely and regular treatment. This goal is proving to be achievable and within reach in clinical practice. The World Health Organization announced that there are about 70 million glaucoma patients worldwide, and it is estimated that the number will reach 80 million by 2020. Glaucoma causes double vision in 50% of the world’s blind people. The prevalence of glaucoma disease in China is 0.68% in the general population and increases with age, reaching 4% to 7% after the age of 65. Glaucoma is a group of diseases that threaten and impair the visual function of the optic nerve with features such as optic nerve atrophy and visual field defects, usually caused by high intraocular pressure. Glaucoma is divided into three main categories: primary glaucoma, secondary glaucoma, and congenital glaucoma. Primary glaucoma is divided into primary open-angle glaucoma and primary closed-angle glaucoma. In China, primary closed-angle glaucoma is the most common. Since the damage caused by glaucoma is mostly progressive, except for acute closed-angle glaucoma attacks, it is often not easily detected by patients, so by the time patients are seen, many of them have already developed to the middle and late stages, and the damage caused by glaucoma is irreversible, so the blindness rate is very high. Glaucoma is also a typical physical and mental disease. Emotional changes can trigger the onset of acute angle-closure glaucoma; they can also cause increased blood pressure and vasospasm, which can cause further damage to the optic nerve of glaucoma patients. Glaucoma disease has a genetic predisposition, often with multiple cases in a family, and its offspring have a much higher chance of developing the disease than the normal population. It is recommended that people at high risk for glaucoma disease should be screened for glaucoma once a year at a specialized hospital. Of course, once diagnosed with glaucoma, it is entirely possible for patients to preserve useful vision during their lifetime as long as they face up to the disease and cooperate with their doctors for active treatment.