Bacterial vaginosis is not a serious disease and is relatively common in clinical practice, but the disease is prone to recurrence after treatment and can cause some distress to patients. Bacterial vaginosis is a vaginal inflammatory lesion caused by the destruction of the vaginal microecology due to various reasons, the decrease of Lactobacillus vaginalis and the increase of Gardnerella and anaerobic bacteria. Typical clinical manifestations of bacterial vaginosis include an increase in vaginal discharge, which is white, thin, and has a fishy odor that worsens, especially after sexual intercourse, and may be accompanied by a burning sensation of vulvar itching. Nitroimidazoles are more effective in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis, but are prone to recurrence, and the medication is usually still ideal after recurrence.