Principles of Chinese medicine for geriatric diabetes mellitus Discriminatory treatment is applicable to all patients, including elderly patients, based on the above-mentioned physiopathological characteristics of elderly diabetic patients. On the basis of strict mastery of changes in the condition and flexible diagnosis and treatment, the following principles of treatment should be followed when prescribing medication. 1. Nourishing Yin and tonifying the kidney to harmonize Yin and Yang. Diabetes is based on the deficiency of kidney Yin, the liver collects blood, the kidney collects essence, and essence and blood are of the same origin. Therefore, the treatment should be good at regulating yin and yang. It is advisable to nourish Yin and nourish the kidneys and nurture Yin and Yang in the early stage. Use more sweet and cold products to nourish Yin. Commonly used are raw earth, Zhi Mu, Bai Shao, Fructus Lycii, Yu Zhu, Radix et Rhizoma Polygonati, Dry Lotus Grass, Mai Dong, etc. The formula is Liu Wei Di Huang Tang plus or minus. On the other hand, the late stage of diabetes mellitus can be seen as the deficiency of kidney qi and yang qi, commonly seen in the form of cold limbs, cold waist and knees, impotence, urination and frequency, etc. Commonly used medicines Xianmao, Cistanches, Epimedium, etc. Can also use deer antler, mealybug, Cordyceps, etc., but do not use a large amount of sapodilla and cinnamon. The formula for tonifying kidney yang is Right Return Pill; for tonifying kidney qi, Eight Flavor Pill. Yang Gui Qian Na, some patients can see dizziness and tinnitus, redness and irritability. The treatment should be to calm the liver and submerge the yang, commonly used stone cassia, raw keel, raw oyster, mother of pearl and other heavy subdue submerged yang products, and should always take care of the stomach qi, as appropriate, with white peony, turtle plate, turtle nail and other nourishing yin submerged yang products. 2, benefit the qi, strengthen the spleen and double the qi and blood spleen is the origin of the latter, the source of qi and blood biochemical; spleen is the main transport and transformation. The thirst Yin deficiency and dry heat for a long time, Yin loss and gas, resulting in both Qi and Yin, common dry mouth, weakness, loss of appetite and other evidence of spleen deficiency. The spleen should be nourished with ginseng, astragalus, atractylodes, etc.; the spleen should be strengthened with qi, often accompanied by qi and qi-regulating products. Formulas are often used such as Six Gentlemen’s Soup, Ginseng and Atractylodes, and Tonifying and Benefiting Qi Soup. Qi and blood are related to each other, and blood is the mother of qi. Clinical deficiency of qi and blood is often seen together, so it is advisable to treat both qi and blood, and blood tonics can be used such as He Shou Wu, Fructus Lycii, Agaricus blazei, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, and the formula can be used as Ten Complete Great Tonic Pills. 3, invigorate blood circulation, remove blood stasis, and smooth the veins and collaterals in the evolution of the disease. It is common to see chest tightness, numbness and pain in the limbs, dull red tongue with petechiae and bruises on the side, and thick and blue veins under the tongue. Angelica sinensis, Chuanxiong rhizome, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Niubizi, etc. are commonly used, and Trigonella, Curcuma longa, Peach kernel, etc. should also be used with caution to avoid injury to the positive energy. 4, to support the righteousness should be slow to attack not to hurt the righteousness of the elderly diabetic patients are deficient in the five organs, lack of essence and weakness. If there is deficiency, it is necessary to support the righteousness and cultivate the root. However, because of the weakness of the spleen and stomach in the elderly, they do not tolerate the severe supplementation, and the severe supplementation will hurt the spleen and hinder the stomach. Therefore, we should take a gradual approach and make up for the deficiency slowly. Old-age diabetes is often liver and kidney yin deficiency, deficiency fire on inflammation, treatment should be to nourish yin and clear heat. However, we should not use large doses of cold products that damage the spleen and stomach, but should supplement the nourishment of yin with products that clear heat. Although old-age diabetes is mostly deficient, it is mostly deficient in the midst of the real, and the original deficiency is the symptom of the real. The treatment should be based on the condition, supporting the righteousness and eliminating the evil, taking into account both the symptoms and the root cause. The attack should be slow, and the attacking products should be used with caution, and the dosage should not be heavy, so as not to attack too much and injure the vital energy.