Cholangiocarcinoma refers to malignant tumor of extrahepatic bile duct originating from the confluence of left and right hepatic ducts to the lower end of common bile duct. Surgical resection is the best treatment for early-stage bile duct cancer and the only treatment that can achieve clinical cure, but the surgery is difficult and technically demanding. Upper segment bile duct cancer, also known as hilar bile duct cancer, is the most difficult tumor among bile duct cancers. Radical surgery for hilar cholangiocarcinoma is collectively called radical surgery for hilar cholangiocarcinoma, but there are five types of hilar cholangiocarcinoma, each of which has different surgical treatment methods, whether to cut the liver or not and the scope of cutting the liver are different. For mid-stage cholangiocarcinoma, resection of cholangiocarcinoma with hepatic artery portalization (pulsation) is performed, and pancreaticoduodenectomy is performed for those invading the lower bile duct. For cholangiocarcinoma that cannot be radically resected, palliative bile-intestinal drainage, percutaneous hepatic percutaneous bile-intestinal drainage or PTCD are performed according to different conditions.