Azoospermia, also known as absence of spermatozoa, can lead to infertility in men. Azoospermia is a condition in which semen is obtained by extracorporeal ejaculation after 3 to 7 days of abstinence and no sperms are found in more than 3 consecutive laboratory tests, or in a centrifugal microscopic examination of the semen. Men usually have no conscious symptoms, whereas infertility occurs in men of childbearing age. The etiology of the disease varies among patients, and some men may also have testicular and penile malformations as well as sexual dysfunction in the clinic. Azoospermia can affect male fertility, and must be taken seriously, timely to the urology department, and follow the doctor’s instructions for treatment.