Patients with emphysema do not need lung replacement. Mild emphysema has insignificant clinical symptoms and does not require medication, only smoking cessation, avoidance of infection, and moderate exercise to maintain lung function. If a patient with emphysema usually has a cough that is more intense and interferes with rest and sleep, he or she can use cough medicines, such as compound licorice tablets, strong loquat, suhuang cough capsules, dextromethorphan, etc. If the patient has phlegm that cannot be coughed up, expectorant medications can be used, such as tranylcypromine, eucalyptus pinene enteric soft capsule, acetylcysteine, etc. When patients have acute infection symptoms, they need to improve blood routine, C-reactive protein, sputum culture, lung CT and other related tests to assess the possible causative agent of infection and take targeted treatment according to the causative agent, such as anti-bacterial treatment, anti-viral treatment or anti-Atypical-type causative agent treatment.