Acute middle ear mastoiditis is an acute purulent inflammation of the mucosa of the middle ear, often involving both the submucosa and the periosteum; severe otitis media or poor body resistance can cause mastoid bone destruction and mastoid pus accumulation. Chronic mastoiditis of the middle ear can be divided into simple, bone molasses, and cholesteatoma types. The simple type is often confined to the mucosa; the bone party type, also known as necrotic or granulomatous type, often has bone destruction and destruction of the small auditory bones, with granulation or polyps within the tympanic cavity; the cholesteatoma type is mostly found in the superior tympanic chamber, the tympanic sinus, or the mastoid process, with the volume of the cholesteatoma increasing as a result of epithelial shedding and accumulation. Cholesteatoma of the middle ear Cholesteatoma of the middle ear is neither a true tumor nor necessarily cholesterol. It is a persistent desquamation of the middle ear cavity or the pneumatized area containing keratinized complex squamous epithelium, which cannot be discharged and accumulates as a cholesteatoma of the middle ear. The main clinical manifestations are long-term persistent ear leakage, foul-smelling secretions, and hearing loss, which is mostly conductive. CT scan reveals soft tissue masses in the middle ear cavity in the form of masses, lamellae, and uniform densities, as well as sclerosis or resorption of the surrounding bone, displacement and destruction of the auditory tuberosity, which may be total or partial, and destruction of the tympanic shield plate bone as a relatively characteristic change.