The most widely used thrombopoietin in clinical practice is recombinant human thrombopoietin, a cytokine that costs around$1050. Thrombopoietin is a cytokine that binds to the receptors of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow and promotes the proliferation and division of megakaryocytes to produce larger numbers of platelets. Recombinant human thrombopoietin, which can be used in patients with various causes of thrombocytopenia. In patients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura, recombinant human thrombopoietin can be used in combination with glucocorticoid therapy, which is more effective. Secondly, for patients with aplastic anemia and myelodysplastic syndrome, if the platelet count is severely reduced, they can also be treated with recombinant human thrombopoietin. In addition, for leukemia patients with chemotherapy, the patient enters the myelosuppression phase and the platelet count is severely reduced, so recombinant human thrombopoietin can also be used to rapidly increase the platelet level.