Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common orthopedic condition that results from the destruction of articular cartilage, extracellular matrix, and subchondral bone metaplasia by various mechanical and biological factors. Balazs first introduced the concept of viscoelastic filling therapy in the 1960s, which aims to restore the viscoelasticity of the joint fluid and the protective effect of sodium glass on the articular cartilage by injecting a large-molecular-weight sodium glass solution into the joint cavity, It aims to reduce synovial inflammation and improve joint function. Exogenous sodium vitrate was first used by Peyron in 1974 to treat OA by intra-articular injection, and since then sodium vitrate has gradually become a practical and effective clinical treatment for osteoarthritis. From September 2003 to September 2007, 138 cases (152 knees) of osteoarthritis of the knee were treated with intra-articular injection of sodium vitrate in our hospital, and satisfactory results were achieved. 1. Data and methods: (1) General data: According to the diagnostic criteria for osteoarthritis of the knee proposed by the American College of Rheumatology in 1986, the patients were 138 cases (152 knees) of osteoarthritis of the knee with complete follow-up data, 53 cases on the left side, 71 cases on the right side, and 14 cases bilaterally. There were 52 male and 76 female cases, aged 43 to 75 years, with a mean of 57.6 years. The duration of the disease ranged from 1 to 12 years, with an average of 6.3 years. (2) Treatment: Patients were positioned supine with the knee joint flexed at 90°. After the needle is inserted into the joint cavity, the joint is first pumped back, and if there is joint fluid, it must be aspirated first, and then injected with sodium glacialate (trade name: Schippert, produced by Shandong Zhengda Fruida Company). After removal of the needle, cover with sterile dressing, the patient flexes and extends the knee joint several times, so that the drug is evenly distributed on the cartilage surface. Injected once a week, 5 times for a course of treatment. (3), efficacy analysis: the affected knee was divided into five grades of osteoarthritis according to the radiological diagnostic criteria of Kellgren and Lawrecne, grade 0: normal; grade I: suspicious narrowing of the joint space and possible bone redundancy; grade II: significant bone redundancy and mild narrowing of the joint space; grade III: moderate amount of bone redundancy, more definite narrowing of the joint space, mild sclerotic changes of the subchondral bone and a smaller extent; grade IV Grade IV: a large amount of bone flab was formed, which could spread to the cartilage surface, the joint space was obviously narrowed, the sclerotic changes were extremely obvious, and the joint was enlarged and obviously deformed. The HSS knee score was performed on the patients before and after treatment. 2. RESULTS: All 138 patients were treated with 1 course of intra-articular sodium vitreous acid injection. Follow-up after treatment ranged from 5 to 12 months, with a mean of 8.4 months. Patient treatment outcomes were assessed according to the HSS knee score criteria and were classified as significant, effective, and ineffective. From the treatment results, it was seen that intra-articular injection of sodium vitrate had a significant effect in patients with milder OA and a less significant effect in patients with more severe disease. The treatment efficiency was 86%. 3, Discussion: Sodium vitrate is a unique linear mucopolysaccharide, which consists of N2 acetylglucosamine and glucuronide disaccharide units, repeatedly cross-chained. It is secreted by the β-cells of synovial membrane in the joint and is an important component of synovial fluid and cartilage matrix, acting as a lubricant, barrier and stress buffer in the joint cavity, thus protecting cartilage, maintaining the integrity of cartilage matrix, shielding nociceptive receptors and other functions. Rydell and Balazs found that the injection of sodium vitreous acid formed a protective film on the surface of cartilage.