Anxiety is common in patients with dementia, and the prevalence of anxiety disorders in this group of patients is about 5-21%; the prevalence of anxiety symptoms is even higher at 71%. We do not pay enough attention to these conditions. And there is a lack of effective clinical treatment. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has been shown to be the treatment of choice for anxiety in non-demented elderly patients. Aimee Spector and colleagues have established a set of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) guidelines for anxiety symptoms in patients with dementia and have validated their feasibility using a randomized controlled trial. Spector et al. validated the feasibility of a 10-phase CBT protocol in patients (and their caregivers) with co-morbid dementia and anxiety. Patients were randomly assigned to receive CBT + treatment as usual (n=25) or treatment as usual (TAU) (n=25). Treatment efficacy and cost were evaluated at baseline, at 15 weeks, and at 6 months. Ultimately, 4 of the 25 participants in the CBT group dropped out halfway through the study. 8 of the TAU group dropped out. Anxiety symptoms were scored at 15 weeks using the RAID scale (Rating Anxiety in Dementia) in the CBT group versus the TAU group and were significantly lower in the CBT group (-4.32, 95% CI -8.21 to 0.43). After adjusting for baseline anxiety and cognition, the difference was not statistically significant (-3.10, 95% CI -6.55 to 0.34). Using the CSDD to score depressive symptoms, the CBT group also scored significantly lower than the TAU group, which remained statistically significant after adjustment (-5.37, 95% CI -0.95 to -1.25). However, due to sample size limitations, baseline CSDD scores were not adjusted for in the analysis. 6 months At 6 months, the advantage of the CBT group was still visible. anxiety scores in the CBT group were on average 4.59 points lower than in the TAU group. However, statistical significance was lost after adjusting for baseline (95% CI -9.34 to 0.15). The variability of CSDD depression scores at 6 months was similar to that at 15 weeks and remained statistically significant after adjusting for baseline (-5.08, 95% CI -9.25 to -0.92). This study demonstrates that the formulaic CBT is equally applicable to patients with mild to moderate dementia with anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Although past experience suggests that CBT is not required in patients with dementia, studies have found CBT to be feasible and effective in the treatment of anxiety in patients with dementia. And this form of treatment is more acceptable to patients. The next step is for the investigators to plan a larger randomized controlled trial.