1.How are the symptoms of gallbladder polyps? Gallbladder polyps usually have mild symptoms or even no symptoms. A few patients have upper abdominal discomfort, which can be accompanied by abdominal pain, discomfort or pain in the right upper abdomen or right quarter rib area, a few can be accompanied by radiation to the right shoulder and back. Polyps located in the neck of the gallbladder can appear biliary colic, in combination with stones can have biliary colic attacks and acute and chronic inflammatory attacks. 2.Why do you have gallbladder polyps? In recent years, the detection rate of gallbladder polyps has increased, and has become a common disease. The reason is on the one hand due to the increase in the popularity of medical checkups, on the other hand, it may be related to the change in the Chinese diet structure and dietary patterns and living environment and other unknown factors, including high cholesterol diet, long-term alcohol abuse, excessive consumption of stimulant diet, dietary disorders, etc. It is also pointed out that: the widespread use of pesticides and fertilizers, the proliferation of food additives, ionizing radiation and the formation of gallbladder polyps may have relationship. 3, gallbladder polyps must be malignant? In fact, gallbladder polyps or gallbladder polyp-like changes is a general term, a few polyps and gallbladder cancer or related. There are several clinical situations as follows: First: cholesterol polyps: about 65%, also known as pseudopolyps. The current theory is that such polyps are not cancerous. It is mulberry-shaped, brittle and fragile, with a thin tip like cotton thread, which can be easily dislodged, mostly within 10 mm, mainly multiple, and mostly located in the body of the gallbladder. Most patients with cholesterol polyps are asymptomatic or have mild symptoms, and the gallbladder functions well. Cholesterol polyps are diet related and patients with high cholesterol diet or fatty liver are prone to cholesterol polyps. Patients with cholesterol polyps are advised to: abstain from alcohol, eat a regular diet, eat breakfast, and eat a low cholesterol diet. Excessive cholesterol intake (egg yolk, fatty meat, scaly fish, animal offal, etc.) can aggravate the metabolism of liver and gallbladder causing excess cholesterol to crystallize, accumulate and precipitate in the gallbladder wall, thus forming cholesterol polyps. If these polyps are smaller than 0.5 cm and the number is small, try taking medication. For cholesterol polyps less than 1 cm, regular ultrasound review can be done every 6 months to a year to observe the changes in size, shape, and number. The second type: non-cholesterol benign polyps: about 30%, also known as true polyps. Mainly refers to: gallbladder adenoma, adenomyosis, inflammatory polyp, adenomatous hyperplasia. Among them, inflammatory polyps are formed by long-term gallbladder stone stimulation combined with chronic cholecystitis. Gallbladder adenoma is a benign tumor, which is precancerous, with a cancer rate of about 30%. Adenomatous hyperplasia and adenomatous hyperplasia also have the risk of cancer. In this type of patients, medication is ineffective, biliary preservation and medication are not recommended, and cholecystectomy is recommended. The third type: polypoid early-stage gallbladder adenocarcinoma: about 5%, in fact, this type is not strictly speaking the category of gallbladder polyps we are talking about. At present, it is sometimes difficult to identify polypoid early gallbladder cancer mixed with gallbladder polyps by ultrasound alone, and if necessary, thin enhancement CT or MRI enhancement scan should be done. Ultrasound features of cancerous polyps are: about 80% of them are larger than 10 mm and solitary; about 70% are located in the neck of gallbladder; about half are accompanied by gallbladder stones. Once such lesion is suspected, it should be treated by surgery as soon as possible. 4.Can I take medicine to treat gallbladder polyps? For multiple cholesterol polyps, some medications may relieve the symptoms of combined chronic cholecystitis to some extent, and may have some effect on some cholesterol crystals less than 5 mm or prevent new occurrence. Medications are not effective for true polyps. 5.How to check and review gallbladder polyps? In most cases, B and ultrasound can determine early whether something in the gallbladder is a stone or a polyp, and is even more sensitive than CT and MRI for the number, shape and size. However, to further clarify the type and nature of the polyp, especially the latter two types mentioned above, a thin-enhanced CT or MRI-enhanced scan may be needed to help with the diagnosis. Admittedly, sometimes these tests are not 100% definitive and require the physician’s judgment in the context of the patient’s condition. In some cases, the nature of the polyps cannot be determined, so it is necessary to review the ultrasound once every 3 months for close observation. 6.Does gallbladder removal have any effect on health afterwards? The age of gallbladder removal patients ranges from teenagers to 80 years old, and cholecystectomy has become a common abdominal surgery. Some people have mild diarrhea and bloating in the short term after gallbladder removal, especially after eating large amounts of greasy, high-fat food. This phenomenon can gradually compensate for the missing function of the gallbladder through liver secretion and dilation of the common bile duct, and most diarrhea and bloating can diminish or disappear a few months after surgery. There is no clear evidence from evidence-based medicine that gallbladder removal can cause other diseases in human body, and the current level of medical science believes that removal of gallbladder does not cause any major impact on human body. 7.What kind of gallbladder polyps should be operated? Gallbladder polyp is a common disease, neither too worried nor careless. Now we are more health conscious, units or personal physical examination found gallbladder polyps more than one, feel that the growth of multiple polyps must be bad, not afraid of nervousness. From clinical experience, in general, multiple polyps may be better than a single, multiple polyps are mostly benign cholesterol polyps; and if it is a single in turn, we should be highly alert. If it is multiple less than 1 cm, the patient is advised to observe it, but not just leave it alone. Ultrasound is done about half a year, and it is most important to improve the lifestyle and diet during the observation period. If you have uncomfortable symptoms, you can try to take some medications to relieve the symptoms. It is generally believed that multiple gallbladder polyps less than 1 cm in diameter can be suspended without surgery. The surgical treatment of gallbladder polyps has two considerations, on the one hand, it is to prevent cancer or cancer leakage, which mainly refers to the latter two types of polyps mentioned earlier. On the other hand, if the uncomfortable symptoms are not relieved by medication, secondary chronic cholecystitis affects normal work and life, and other factors such as gastric disease can be excluded from consideration of gallbladder removal. In short: short time fast growing polyps; single or multiple polyps larger than 1 cm; wide basal gallbladder polyps; with local or whole gallbladder wall thickening; combined with gallbladder stones chronic cholecystitis; ultrasound, CT and MRI do not exclude the possibility of cancer, surgery is usually recommended. More than 20 years ago, gallbladder removal required a large incision in the abdomen, but now 99% of the surgery can be done laparoscopically. Traditionally, laparoscopic surgery was done with three or four holes and the surgeon performed the surgery on a 2D monitor. Now we can perform laparoscopic surgery under a 3D monitor, which largely makes up for the deficiency of three-dimensional tactile sensation in traditional two-dimensional laparoscopic surgery, making the surgery more three-dimensional, safer, more delicate and accurate; and we can now complete laparoscopic cholecystectomy through a hole in the navel, making the patient’s postoperative trauma smaller and the wound more beautiful.